Investigating Blackwash: Discursive blurring of the boundary between excellence and affirmative action in representations of minority achievement

建议的研究与由此产生的专着是一种话语实践的探索，我标记为“blackwash”。它的出发点是，取得卓越成就的少数种族群体成员在机构话语中往往被构造和代表为代表集体-他们所属的群体-这样做，其次是作为平权行动的受益者。这种做法是将主题和问题种族化的工具。Blackwash指的是“绿色清洗”，该术语由绿色奥斯卡颁奖典礼的组织者、绿色清洗学院奖定义为“在绿色投资广告上的支出超过投资本身”的行为。因此，在这项研究中，黑洗被定义为在一个单一的事件中，制度对自由主义和平等主义原则的明显过度补偿，而在现实中，自由和平等仍然只是微不足道的成就。它是关于实现少数群体成员谁可能会或可能不会在实践中合作。作为一种话语实践，抹黑使人难以确定少数群体取得优异成绩的真实的实例，即使确定了，这种优异成绩的荣耀也会因为平权行动的阴影而减少，Robert Fullinwinder（2005年）建议，对平权行动的讨论遵循两条路径：法律的/行政和公众辩论，后者受到争议的困扰。拟议中的专著遵循Fullinwinder的第二条路径，因为它试图证明制度话语如何模糊了奇怪的同床异梦概念的实用主义领域之间的边界-优点和平权行动。研究背景：抹黑作为一种话语实践，位于沟通制度往往与多种族和多元文化的社会，其人口构成加上其组成群体的历史轨迹作为促进者。在这方面，奴隶和殖民历史使美国和英国的主要背景下的调查blackwash。数据：在这样的背景下，本书中讨论的数据包括从初选开始的大约100小时的2008年美国总统选举报道的文字记录（参议员巴克奥巴马），1984年和1988年选举的新闻报道（杰西杰克逊牧师），1936年以来的奥斯卡新闻报道（哈蒂·麦克丹尼尔斯），1968年（西德尼·波蒂埃），1992年（丹泽尔华盛顿），2002年（西德尼·波蒂埃，丹泽尔·华盛顿和哈雷·贝瑞），2005年（杰米·福克斯），和2007年（福里斯特·惠特克），1987年英国大选（黛安·阿博特、保罗·博阿滕和基思瓦兹），1997年（乌纳·金），2006年（大卫拉米），任命四位加勒比同行（2001年）。分析：一般来说，将使用媒体和文化研究（Hall 1997）中的多种分析框架，分别以Gumperz和Hymes（1972）和Fairclough（1989，2003）为模型的社会语言学和话语分析工具对数据进行分析。

The proposed research in conjunction with the resulting monograph is an exploration of a discourse practice I have labelled 'blackwash'. It proceeds from the premise that racial minority group members who achieve excellence are often constructed and represented in institutional discourses as having done so on behalf of a collective - the group to which they belong, and second, as beneficiaries of Affirmative Action. This practice is a tool in the racialization of subjects and issues. Blackwash alludes to 'greenwash' which is defined by the Green Wash Academy Awards, organisers of the Green Oscars, as the act of spending 'more on advertising green investments than the investments themselves'. Thus blackwash is defined in this study as a glaring overcompensation of libertarian and egalitarian principles by institutions in a single event whilst in reality both liberty and equality remain only modest achievements. It is about achieving minority group members who may or may not collaborate in the practice. Blackwash as a discourse practice makes it difficult to determine real instances of minority attainment of excellence, and even when determined, the glory of such excellence is diminished because of the shadow cast by Affirmative Action.Robert Fullinwinder (2005) suggests that discussions of affirmative action follow two paths: the legal/administrative and public debate with the latter dogged by controversy. The proposed monograph follows the second of Fullinwinder's paths inasmuch as it seeks to demonstrate how institutional discourses discursively blur the boundary between the pragmasemantic fields of concepts that are strange bedfellows - merit and affirmative action. Research context:Blackwash as a discourse practice is situated in communicative regimes often associated with multiracial and multicultural societies whose demographic composition coupled with the historical trajectories of some of their constituent groups act as facilitators. In this regard, slave and colonial histories make the US and Britain prime contexts for the investigation of blackwash.Data: Against this background then, the data that inform the discussions in the proposed book comprise transcripts from approximately 100 hours of coverage of the 2008 US Presidential Election beginning with the Primaries (Senator Back Obama), press coverage of the elections of 1984 and 1988 (Rev Jesse Jackson), press coverage of the Oscars from 1936 (Hattie McDaniels), 1968 (Sidney Poitier), 1992 (Denzel Washington), 2002 (Sidney Poitier, Denzel Washinton and Halley Berry), 2005 (Jamie Fox), and 2007 (Forest Whitaker), 1987 British elections (Dianne Abbott, Paul Boateng and Keith Vaz), 1997 (Oona King), 2006 (David Lammy), appointment of four Caribbean peers (2001). Analysis:In general, the data will be analysed using multiple analytical frameworks in media and cultural studies (Hall 1997), sociolinguistic and discourse analytical tools modelled on Gumperz and Hymes (1972), and Fairclough (1989, 2003) respectively.