The Old French William of Tyre and its Continuations

这个为期三年的项目将制作第一个现代评论版的中世纪叙事，被称为泰尔的威廉和厄努尔和财政大臣伯纳德的编年史的延续。该项目团队由PI、一名全职博士后研究员和一名项目学生组成，他们将研究古法语翻译的《提尔的威廉》，该团队将驻扎在加的夫大学，并将利用加的夫历史与考古学院的现有资源和专业知识。提尔的威廉大主教(1175-1185)撰写了一部从第一次十字军东征(1095-99)到1184年的十字军东征和法兰克国家的历史。在十三世纪初的某个时候，它从原来的拉丁文翻译成了法语，在同一个世纪的晚些时候，在不同的时候，添加了各种法语的补充(续篇)，以使故事变得最新。匿名文本，从其十九世纪的标题众所周知的编年史d‘Ernul et de Bernard le Trésorier，是一个独立的工作在法语涵盖期间从第一次十字军东征到1229年，或在一些手稿，到1232年，在1184-1232年期间，这个文本的版本形成了组成的基础上的延续。继续和厄努尔-伯纳德的重要性是相当大的。它们共同构成了从1184到(在一个手稿的情况下)1277年在黎凡特十字军统治的领土上的事件的最完整的叙事，它们是在拉丁美洲东部组成的最重要的历史作品来描述这些年。这些文本的兴趣部分在于它们所包含的历史信息，但也在于它们能够反映作者和原始受众的政治和文化关注点。这一时期的所有历史学家都使用这些文本的十九世纪版本，人们普遍认为现代的、学术的版本是一种主要的愿望。51个手稿的法语翻译的提尔威廉可以追溯到1500年前，其中45个包含延续，和8个手稿厄努尔-伯纳德幸存下来，但早期的编辑只利用了其中的几个，选择，所以它似乎，很大程度上是随机的。编辑们对这一困境知之甚少，也不了解这些文本是如何发展的。大量的手稿本身就表明了这些文本在中世纪的重要性，但到目前为止，这些手稿的数量本身就阻止了学者们进行这些方面的项目。这些都是实质性的文本：厄努尔-伯纳德约85,000字长；法语翻译的WT(到1184)是在29万字左右的地方，而续篇在长度上有相当大的差异，最长的达到约120,000字。预计的版本，加上对翻译文本的博士研究，一个密切相关但谨慎的主题，将形成一个自然的延伸到法国本土文学的拉美东产生的PI的研究；近年来，这包括一个初步的调查，包括对法语翻译的拉丁历史的初步调查，并编写了十三世纪作家，约翰的伊贝林和诺瓦拉的菲利普法律论文的关键版本。这一新版将被十字军东征历史学家、中世纪精神学者S和社会历史学家以及古法国白话文学专家使用。它也将引起古法语语言学和语言学专家的兴趣。

This three-year project will produce the first modern critical edition of the medieval narratives known as the Continuations of William of Tyre and the Chronicle of Ernoul and Bernard the Treasurer. The project team, consisting of the PI, a full-time postdoctoral researcher and a project student, who will investigate the Old French translation of William of Tyre, will be based at Cardiff University, and will draw on existing resources and expertise in the Cardiff School of History and Archaeology.Archbishop William of Tyre (1175-1185) wrote a history of the crusades and the Frankish states in the East covering the period from the First Crusade (1095-99) to 1184. At some point in the early thirteenth century it was translated from the original Latin into French, and at various points later in that same century various French-language additions (the Continuations) were appended so as to bring the story up to date. The anonymous text, known from its nineteenth-century title as the Chronique d'Ernoul et de Bernard le Trésorier, is an independent work in French covering the period from the First Crusade to 1229 or, in some manuscripts, to 1232; for the period 1184-1232 a version of this text formed the basis for the composition of the Continuations. The importance of the Continuations and Ernoul-Bernard is considerable. Together they constitute the fullest narrative for the events from 1184 until (in the case of one manuscript) 1277 in the territories in the Levant ruled by the crusaders, and they are the most significant historical works composed in the Latin East to describe these years. The interest of these texts lies partly in the historical information they contain, but also in their capacity to mirror the political and cultural preoccupations of the authors and the original audience. All historians of this period use the nineteenth-century editions these texts, and there is widespread agreement that a modern, scholarly edition is a major desideratum. Fifty-one manuscripts of the French translation of William of Tyre dating from before 1500, forty-five of which contain Continuations, and eight manuscripts of Ernoul-Bernard survive, but the earlier editors utilized only a few of them, selected, so it would seem, largely at random. The editors had little idea of the stemma and no appreciation of how the texts developed.The large number of manuscripts are in themselves a pointer to the importance of these texts in the middle ages, but their sheer bulk has hitherto deterred scholars from undertaking a project of these dimensions. These are substantial texts: Ernoul-Bernard is around 85,000 words long; the French translation of WT (to 1184) is somewhere in the region of 290,000 words, whilst the Continuations vary considerably in length with the longest amounting to ca. 120,000 words. The projected edition together with the PhD research on the text of the translation, a closely related but discreet topic, will form a natural extension of the PI's research into the French vernacular literature produced in the Latin East; in recent years this has included a preliminary investigation of the French translation of WT's Latin history, and the preparation of critical editions of the legal treatises by the thirteenth-century writers, John of Ibelin and Philip of Novara. This new edition will be used by historians of the crusades, by historians of medieval mentalités and societies, and by specialists in Old French vernacular literature. It will also be of interest to specialists in Old French linguistics and philology.