HIV RISK, DRUGS, AND VIOLENCE

艾滋病毒风险、毒品和暴力

• 批准号: 2797494
• 负责人: PHYLLIS L ELLICKSON
• 金额: $ 18.15万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-02-20 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2797494
• 关键词: HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); age difference; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; gender difference; heterosexuals; human subject; intravenous drug abuse; longitudinal human study; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; socioeconomics; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related disorder; violence; young adult human (21-34)

A number of recent studies have noted associations between violence, substance use, and risk of infection with HIV. However, the prevalence patterns, and predictors of their co-occurrence are unknown. Nor are the reasons for their association well understood. The proposed studies use data from a panel of over 3600 young adults of diverse social and economic backgrounds to explore these issues, employing both cross- sectional and longitudinal approaches. Study 1 will estimate the prevalence of high-risk sexual activity, injection drug use, and various types of violence, victimization, and substance use among heterosexual adults aged 23-24. Rates for various patterns of co-occurrence among these problems will also be estimated and the characteristics of persons with multiple problems will be determined. Studies 2 and 3 will explore the basis for co-occurring problems in adulthood: the first will focus on concurrent relationships and predictors; the second will examine prospective predictors. These studies will identify the common and unique predictors of violence, victimization, substance use, HIV sexual risk and risk for HIV from injection drug use to test whether multiple problems might be co-morbid outcomes of a risk-enhancing personality or environment. They all explore possible direct relationships between HIV risk and other high-risk problems. They examine whether problems with violence and use of drugs make a unique contribution to HIV risk, over and above the influence of other personal and environmental factor, and whether substance use and violence mediate the impact of other factors on HIV risk. Importantly, each of these predictors and their relationships to HIV risk are tested at early adolescence, late adolescence, and young adulthood, allowing us to determine whether early substance use or early experience with violence and sexual activity makes a contribution to adult HIV risk independent of other adult and adolescent predictive factors.

最近的一些研究指出，暴力、 物质使用和感染艾滋病毒的风险。然而， 模式，以及它们共同出现的预测因素是未知的。也不是 他们之间的联系很好理解。拟议的研究使用 数据来自一个由3600多名来自不同社会和文化背景的年轻人组成的小组， 经济背景来探讨这些问题，采用跨领域的方法， 分段和纵向方法。研究1将估计 高风险性活动、注射吸毒和各种 异性恋者之间的暴力、受害和物质使用类型 23-24岁的成年人。各种模式的同现率 这些问题也将估计和人的特点 将确定多个问题。研究2和3将探讨 成年期共同发生的问题的基础：第一个将集中在 关于并发关系和预测因素;第二部分将研究 前瞻性预测这些研究将确定共同和 暴力、受害、药物使用、艾滋病毒性行为 风险和风险艾滋病毒从注射吸毒，以测试是否多个 问题可能是风险增强型人格的共同病态结果， 环境他们都在探索艾滋病病毒与 风险和其他高风险问题。他们检查是否存在问题， 暴力和使用毒品是艾滋病毒风险的独特因素， 不受其他个人和环境因素的影响， 药物使用和暴力是否调解其他因素的影响 艾滋病风险。重要的是，这些预测因素及其 与艾滋病毒风险的关系在青春期早期进行测试， 青春期和青年期，使我们能够确定是否早期 使用药物或早期经历暴力和性活动 使成人艾滋病毒风险独立于其他成人， 青少年预测因素