Startle displays: a new route to resolving the aposematism paradox

惊吓展示：解决警戒悖论的新途径

• 批准号: DE180100026
• 负责人: Dr Kate Umbers
• 金额: $ 24.47万
• 依托单位: Western Sydney University
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Early Career Researcher Award
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2019-11-04 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DE180100026
• 关键词: Startle; displays; new; route; resolving

This project aims to propose an empirical evaluation of startle displays as the ‘missing link’ in antipredator defences. The evolutionary origin of warning colouration is considered paradoxical in that conspicuous mutant prey should be attacked and killed as they evolve, denying predators any chance to learn to avoid them. Startle displays, however, are antipredator defences that exploit predator reflexes through a sudden transition from camouflage to warning colouration. This work merges theory on antipredator defences, deepens knowledge of their fitness costs and benefits, and provides a new resolution to a classic evolutionary paradox.

这个项目的目的是提出一个实证评估的惊吓显示器的“缺失环节”在反捕食防御。警告色的进化起源被认为是自相矛盾的，因为明显的突变猎物应该在进化过程中被攻击和杀死，剥夺了捕食者任何学习躲避它们的机会。然而，惊吓显示是反捕食者的防御，它通过从伪装到警告颜色的突然转变来利用捕食者的反射。这项工作融合了反捕食者防御理论，加深了他们的健身成本和利益的知识，并提供了一个新的解决方案，一个经典的进化悖论。