Bridging the Continental divide: neo-Latin and its cultural role in Jacobean Scotland, as seen in the Delitiae Poetarum Scotorum (1637)

弥合大陆鸿沟：新拉丁语及其在詹姆士一世时期苏格兰的文化角色，见《Delitiae Poetarum Scotorum》（1637 年）

• 批准号: AH/J007331/1
• 负责人: Steven Reid
• 金额: $ 43.1万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ007331%2F1
• 关键词: Bridging; Continental; divide; neo; Latin

Latin was Scotland's third language in the early modern period, alongside Scots and Gaelic. However, it has been dubbed by Professor Robert Crawford as Scotland's literary 'lost continent' due to the lack of sustained academic research into Scoto-Latin texts, and translation thereof. The Delitiae Poetarum Scotorum huius aevi illustrium (DPS, Amsterdam, 1637) is the most important of these neglected texts. A 1,272 page anthology of 37 of Scotland's neo-Latin poets, edited by the Fife laird Sir John Scot of Scotstarvit and the Aberdonian poet Arthur Johnstone, it represents the zenith of Scotland's burgeoning Latin culture during the renaissance and reformation. However, no translation of this anthology has ever been produced, or an attempt made to understand holistically what its contents tell us about Latin culture in early modern Scotland. This project aims to deal with this issue. It will produce an electronic resource that provides original scans of the text of 13 of the poets in the DPS, alongside a full transcription of the Latin and an English translation which will be fully searchable by scholars. The resource will provide a full critical apparatus for each text detailing all scriptural and philological references cited, and the historical and social context behind each poem. The resource will be supported by a range of articles analyzing the texts in both linguistic and historic contexts, along with a full range of biographical material on each poet, and broader essays on early modern Scotland's Latin culture. The website will also be open ended so that the remainder of the text not digitised and translated now can be added by scholars in the future. The poets chosen for translation are those whose work now exists solely or primarily within the DPS itself, and those whom we currently know the least about - several of them are only known to us because of the DPS. However, one key link between them is that they all worked and lived in Scotland in the reign of James VI and I. Nearly all of them came into contact with the royal government and court at some stage in their careers. Some, like the Royal Secretary John Maitland, directly worked for the king. Others, like the church reformer Andrew Melville, stood in opposition to his religious and political policies. Hercules Rollock relied on the king's favour to secure his job as Dundee grammar school master in 1582. Several contributors produced poetry for James' royal entries, including Henry Anderson at Perth in 1580, and Henry Danskin and Peter Goldman on the king's return to Scotland in 1617. The poets came from both sides of the confessional divide, but all used Latin as a shared mode of cultural expression and identity regardless of their confessional or political leanings, often as a means by which to impress their colleagues and the king himself. This thread of Scottish cultural expression, so clearly summarized and captured in the DPS, has never been explored, and the project aims to understand from the text when and why Latin was used in Jacobean Scotland, and to create a research tool that allows scholars to engage with this question. The poems in the DPS span a variety of genres inspired by classical models. They include pious homilies to Christ and vitriolic attacks on the Catholic church; astronomical and medical treatises; ribald satires on contemporary life and politics; and appeals to pagan deities for health and wellbeing, among many others. Collectively, they paradoxically show that neo-Latin humanist culture, with its reverence for the pagan and antique past, became immensely popular in Scotland at the exact same time as Scotland became one of the most doctrinaire Reformed countries in Europe. Given that most accounts of Scotland's post-reformation culture emphasize its commitment to a narrow form of Protestantism and severe moral and social discipline, how are we to explain this? One of the major aims of this project is to solve this paradox.

拉丁语是近代早期苏格兰的第三大语言，仅次于苏格兰语和盖尔语。然而，由于缺乏对苏格兰拉丁文本及其翻译的持续学术研究，罗伯特·克劳福德教授将其称为苏格兰文学的“失落大陆”。《Delitiae Poetarum Scotorum huius aevi illustrium》（DPS，阿姆斯特丹，1637年）是这些被忽视的文本中最重要的。这本1,272页的选集收录了37位苏格兰新拉丁诗人，由苏格兰的法夫领主约翰·斯科特爵士和阿伯丁诗人亚瑟·约翰斯通编辑，代表了苏格兰文艺复兴和宗教改革时期新兴拉丁文化的顶峰。然而，这本选集的翻译从未产生过，也没有试图全面了解其内容告诉我们现代早期苏格兰的拉丁文化。该项目旨在解决这个问题。它将产生一个电子资源，提供DPS中13位诗人的文本的原始扫描，以及拉丁文的完整转录和学者可以完全搜索的英文翻译。该资源将提供一个完整的关键设备，为每个文本详细介绍所有圣经和文献引用，以及每首诗背后的历史和社会背景。该资源将得到一系列文章的支持，这些文章分析了语言和历史背景下的文本，沿着了每个诗人的全方位传记材料，以及关于早期现代苏格兰拉丁文化的更广泛的文章。该网站也将是开放式的，以便学者们将来可以添加现在未数字化和翻译的文本的其余部分。被选中翻译的诗人是那些作品现在只存在于或主要存在于DPS本身的诗人，以及那些我们目前所知最少的诗人--其中有几位是因为DPS才为我们所知的。然而，他们之间的一个关键联系是，他们都在詹姆斯六世和一世统治期间在苏格兰工作和生活。他们几乎都在职业生涯的某个阶段接触过皇家政府和宫廷。有些人，如皇家秘书约翰·梅特兰，直接为国王工作。其他人，如教会改革家安德鲁梅尔维尔，站在反对他的宗教和政治政策。1582年，赫拉克勒斯·罗洛克依靠国王的宠爱保住了邓迪文法学校校长的职位。几位贡献者为詹姆斯的皇家条目创作了诗歌，包括1580年在珀斯的亨利安德森，以及1617年国王返回苏格兰时的亨利丹斯金和彼得戈德曼。这些诗人来自教派分裂的两边，但无论他们的教派或政治倾向如何，他们都使用拉丁语作为文化表达和身份认同的共同模式，通常是为了给他们的同事和国王留下深刻印象。苏格兰文化表达的这条线索，在DPS中如此清晰地总结和捕捉，从未被探索过，该项目旨在从文本中了解拉丁语何时以及为什么在苏格兰使用，并创建一个研究工具，使学者能够参与这个问题。DPS中的诗歌涵盖了受古典模型启发的各种流派。它们包括对基督的虔诚布道和对天主教会的尖刻攻击;天文学和医学论文;对当代生活和政治的下流讽刺;以及呼吁异教神灵的健康和福祉等。总的来说，他们矛盾地表明，新拉丁人文主义文化，其崇敬的异教和古老的过去，成为非常受欢迎的苏格兰在同一时间，苏格兰成为一个最教条的改革国家在欧洲。鉴于大多数关于苏格兰后宗教改革文化的描述都强调其对狭隘的新教形式和严格的道德和社会纪律的承诺，我们该如何解释这一点？这个项目的主要目的之一就是解决这个悖论。

项目成果

Andrew Melville (1545-1622) - Writings, Reception, and Reputation

安德鲁·梅尔维尔 (1545-1622) - 著作、接受度和声誉

• DOI: 10.4324/9781315567051
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Mason R

Neo-Latin Literature and Literary Culture in Early Modern Scotland

近代早期苏格兰的新拉丁文学与文学文化

• DOI: 10.1163/9789004330733_004
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Reid S

Not just a lawyer: Thomas Craig and humanist Edinburgh

不仅仅是律师：托马斯·克雷格和人文主义者爱丁堡

• DOI: 10.3366/inr.2016.0122
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: The Innes Review
• 作者: McOmish D

Adam King: a man for all seasons

亚当·金：四季皆宜的男人

• DOI: 10.3366/inr.2015.0097
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: The Innes Review
• 作者: McOmish D

A Latin Renaissance in Reformation Scotland? Print Trends in Scottish Latin Literature, c . 1480-1700

苏格兰宗教改革中的拉丁文艺复兴？

• DOI: 10.3366/shr.2016.0274
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: The Scottish Historical Review
• 作者: Reid S