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Whose Remembrance? A scoping study of the available research on ex-colonial communities and the experience of two world wars

谁的纪念？

基本信息

批准号：
AH/J012211/1
负责人：
Suzanne Bardgett
金额：
$ 3.13万
依托单位：
Imperial War Museums
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ012211%2F1
关键词：
Whose Remembrance scoping study available

项目摘要

During the First World War, tens of thousands of East Africans were drafted into a non-combatant Carrier Corps to support the British campaign against the Germans in Africa; by October 1917, almost 29,000 of them had died of 'disease or accident'. A Chinese Labour Corps of some 100,000 men drawn largely from the British colony of Weihai and an Egyptian Labour Corps, with over 55,000, were at the same time providing essential support to British forces on the Western Front and in the Middle East respectively. A South African Native Labour Corps provided some 70,000 personnel for service in both Africa and Europe, 616 of whom died when their ship, the Mendi, sank following a collision in the Channel on 21 February 1917. Many tens of thousands of Africans and hundreds of thousands of people from India served with the British forces in North Africa, Italy and Burma in the Second World War, when vast quantities of raw materials were also sent from West Africa to the UK. These facts are little known in Britain today.Historians have traced continuities between the perception of the two World Wars by the peoples of the colonies of the British Empire (including the lived experiences of those who volunteered or were conscripted for service), the development of independence movements in those future nations and patterns of migration from them to the United Kingdom. Further work has also been done in the UK to explore the role played by awareness of this earlier history in dealing with notions of 'Britishness' and other issues both among the communities deriving from such migration and in the 'host' community. Continuing widespread lack of understanding of the colonies' participation in those conflicts nonetheless shows that there remains room for very much more work in this area. Such work will provide a better framework of historical perspective for the representation of these communities to others, and strengthen the communities' own perception of their heritage and identity.The Imperial War Museum covers all aspects of conflicts in which Britain and the Empire/Commonwealth have been involved since 1914, and its collections include extensive holdings of personal reminiscences, artefacts and works of art, film and photography - a very considerable proportion of which documents the experience of colonial troops and the impacts that the war made on the 'home fronts' of former colonies. Several curators at the Museum have developed expertise in this field and have engaged externally in opening it up to new audiences. The Museum - where BME audiences are currently under-represented in its visitor profile - is determined to continue the work it has already begun so that this lesser- known aspect of the two world wars is given greater prominence. The review will be undertaken by the Museum in consultation with an advisory panel of academic and community historians who will provide guidance to the investigators. They will undertake a survey of literature and other media productions (television and radio documentaries, websites etc) to identify areas where work has already been done and, more particularly, where work remains to be done to draw out the history of 'colonial' participation in the two World Wars and to develop present-day communities' understanding of that history. Topics identified for future work will not be restricted to those relating to dealings between people originating in one-time colonies and the inhabitants of a former Imperial power, but to the history of intra- and inter-community relations as well. For example, relationships between the Hindu, Sikh and Muslim components of the 'Indian' community, or between the Caribbean and African communities, will be explored. It will also be instructive to cover communities now in Britain that originate from parts of the colonised world such as Vietnam and the Philippines that were never under British rule but which were still affected by the World Wars.

在第一次世界大战期间，数以万计的东非人被征召加入非战斗航母部队，以支持英国在非洲打击德国人的行动；到1917年10月，其中近2.9万人死于疾病或事故。中国劳动队约有10万人，主要来自英国殖民地威海，埃及劳动队有5.5万多人，同时分别为西线和中东的英国军队提供必要的支持。一个南非土著劳动队为非洲和欧洲提供了约70000名服务人员，其中616人于1917年2月21日在英吉利海峡相撞后沉没，导致616人死亡。第二次世界大战期间，数以万计的非洲人和数十万来自印度的人在北非、意大利和缅甸的英军中服役，当时大量原材料也从西非运往英国。这些事实在今天的英国鲜为人知。历史学家追溯了大英帝国殖民地人民对两次世界大战的看法(包括志愿或应征服役的人的生活经历)、未来国家独立运动的发展以及从这些国家到英国的移民模式之间的连续性。英国还做了进一步的工作，以探索意识到这一较早的历史在处理因这种移民而产生的社区和“东道主”社区中的“不列颠”概念和其他问题时所起的作用。尽管如此，仍然普遍缺乏对殖民地参与这些冲突的了解，这表明在这一领域仍有开展更多工作的余地。这些作品将提供一个更好的历史视角框架，将这些社区呈现给其他人，并加强这些社区自身对其遗产和身份的看法。帝国战争博物馆涵盖了自1914年以来不列颠和帝国/英联邦卷入的冲突的方方面面，其藏品包括大量个人回忆、文物和艺术品、电影和摄影--其中相当大一部分记录了殖民军队的经历以及战争对前殖民地“后方战线”的影响。博物馆的几位策展人在这一领域积累了专业知识，并参与到外部向新观众开放的活动中。博物馆--目前BME的观众在其参观者档案中的比例偏低--决心继续它已经开始的工作，以便使两次世界大战中这一鲜为人知的方面得到更大的突出。审查将由博物馆与一个由学术和社区历史学家组成的咨询小组协商进行，该小组将为调查人员提供指导。他们将对文学和其他媒体产品(电视和广播纪录片、网站等)进行调查，以确定已经完成工作的领域，更具体地说，确定仍有工作要做的领域，以绘制参与两次世界大战的“殖民”历史，并发展当今社区对这一历史的理解。为今后的工作确定的主题将不仅限于与起源于前殖民地的人与前帝国政权居民之间的交易有关的问题，而且还将涉及社区内部和社区间关系的历史。例如，将探讨“印度”社区中印度教、锡克教徒和穆斯林成员之间的关系，或加勒比和非洲社区之间的关系。涵盖英国现在的社区也将是有益的，这些社区起源于殖民世界的部分地区，如越南和菲律宾，这些地区从未受到英国的统治，但仍受到世界大战的影响。