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Law, Regulation and Human Enhancement Technologies

法律、法规和人类增强技术

基本信息

批准号：
AH/K003798/1
负责人：
Imogen Louise Goold
金额：
$ 4.61万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FK003798%2F1
关键词：
Law Regulation Human Enhancement Technologies

项目摘要

The proposed research involves establishing an international network of legal scholars, legal practitioners, and scientists to investigate how the production and use of emerging human enhancement technologies should be managed. Over the next decade, European jurisdictions will face new legal and regulatory challenges. The increasing production and use of what can broadly be categorised as 'human enhancement technologies' is creating challenges for the existing legal frameworks in Europe. Examples of these new technologies include pharmacological substances that improve cognition, chemical enhancement in embryo development and hormonal techniques for increasing physical strength. These and similar technologies are not easily accommodated by current laws within European countries and EU-wide regulatory instruments. The use of these technologies has implications in many legal contexts, particularly the regulation of use by professionals such as pilots and medical practitioners. These technologies will (at a theoretical level) re-engage and challenge lawyers in questions of human rights and political responsibility, as well as (at a practical level) necessitate new or amended approaches to the regulation of pharmaceuticals and other such technologies. Given the potential cross-border impacts (e.g. pilots, drivers), there is a strong need for collaboration across jurisdictions. Whilst the network envisaged in this proposal will be composed principally of European scholars, representatives from the United States and Australia will also be included. The Investigators also hope that this will pave the way for further international expansion of the network beyond the 18-month period planned for in this proposal. In addition to the academic community, the potential beneficiaries of the research conducted through the proposed Research Network will primarily be policy-makers and professionals within the public and private sectors. Further beneficiaries within industry and the general public are envisaged. With these beneficiaries in mind, the anticipated outputs of the proposed research are principally: 1) Audience-tailored reports on the outcomes of the workshop outlining: a. The potential problems raised by new enhancement technologies b. The current legal position relating to enhancement technologies in each jurisdiction and across the EU c. Possibilities for regulation (in particular, for example, in relation to the use of technologies by professionals)The reports will be tailored to particular governmental departments and regulatory bodies, focusing on the main types of technology and groups in society for which they are responsible. They will also be tailored to comment on any particular issues raised by the departments and bodies in response to correspondence from us inviting engagement, sent in the early stages of the research. The reports for the identified groups of professionals will be tailored to their particular professions and refer in general, anonymous terms to the opinion information gathered from members of that professional group. 2) An edited collection of papers from network participants, expanding on the points above and also exploring the conceptual questions posed for the law. It is envisaged that some of these papers will be produced collaboratively, as a result of links and discussions prompted by the network.3) An enduring network of legal scholars and practitioners which will be maintained via regular contact and on-going collaboration (potentially promoted via a website).

拟议的研究涉及建立一个由法律的学者、法律的从业者和科学家组成的国际网络，以调查应如何管理新兴人类增强技术的生产和使用。未来十年，欧洲司法管辖区将面临新的法律的和监管挑战。越来越多的生产和使用什么可以广泛地归类为“人类增强技术”正在创造挑战现有的法律的框架在欧洲。这些新技术的例子包括改善认知的药理物质、胚胎发育的化学强化和增强体力的激素技术。欧洲国家的现行法律和欧盟范围内的监管文书并不容易适应这些技术和类似技术。这些技术的使用在许多法律的背景下都有影响，特别是对飞行员和医疗从业人员等专业人员的使用进行监管。这些技术（在理论上）将使律师重新参与人权和政治责任问题并对其提出挑战，（在实践上）也需要采取新的或修正的办法来管理药品和其他此类技术。考虑到潜在的跨境影响（例如试点、驱动因素），非常需要跨司法管辖区开展合作。虽然本建议中设想的网络将主要由欧洲学者组成，但也将包括美国和澳大利亚的代表。调查人员还希望，这将为在本提案计划的18个月期限之后进一步扩大网络的国际范围铺平道路。除了学术界之外，通过拟议的研究网络进行的研究的潜在受益者将主要是公共和私营部门的决策者和专业人员。预计工业界和一般公众还会有更多的受益者。考虑到这些受益者，拟议研究的预期成果主要是：1）针对受众的讲习班成果报告，概述：新增强技术引起的潜在问题B.在每个司法管辖区和整个欧盟，与增强技术有关的当前法律的地位c。监管的可能性（特别是，例如，与专业人员使用技术有关的可能性）这些报告将针对特定的政府部门和监管机构，侧重于它们所负责的主要技术类型和社会群体。他们还将针对各部门和机构提出的任何特定问题发表评论，以回应我们在研究初期发出的邀请参与的信函。为所确定的专业人员群体编写的报告将根据他们的具体专业进行调整，并一般以匿名方式提及从该专业群体成员那里收集的意见信息。2)网络参与者的编辑论文集，扩展了上述观点，并探讨了对法律提出的概念问题。3）法律的学者和从业人员的持久网络，将通过定期联系和持续合作（可能通过网站推广）予以维持。