Law, Regulation and Human Enhancement Technologies

拟议的研究包括建立一个由法律学者、法律从业人员和科学家组成的国际网络，以研究如何管理新兴人类增强技术的生产和使用。未来十年，欧洲司法管辖区将面临新的法律和监管挑战。越来越多的可以被广泛归类为“人类增强技术”的生产和使用正在给欧洲现有的法律框架带来挑战。这些新技术的例子包括改善认知的药理学物质，胚胎发育中的化学增强和增加体力的激素技术。这些和类似的技术不容易被欧洲国家的现行法律和欧盟范围内的监管工具所适应。这些技术的使用对许多法律环境都有影响，特别是对飞行员和医务人员等专业人员的使用进行监管。这些技术将（在理论层面）使律师在人权和政治责任问题上重新参与并提出挑战，并且（在实际层面）需要对药品和其他此类技术的监管采取新的或经修订的方法。鉴于潜在的跨境影响（如试点、司机），迫切需要跨司法管辖区开展合作。虽然这项建议设想的网络将主要由欧洲学者组成，但美国和澳大利亚的代表也将包括在内。调查人员还希望，这将为在本建议计划的18个月期间之后进一步扩大网络的国际范围铺平道路。除了学术界之外，通过拟议的研究网进行的研究的潜在受益者将主要是公共和私营部门的决策者和专业人员。预计工业界和一般公众将进一步受益。考虑到这些受益者，拟议研究的预期产出主要是：1)关于讲习班成果的针对受众的报告，概述：a.新增强技术带来的潜在问题b.与增强技术相关的当前法律地位在每个司法管辖区和整个欧盟c.监管的可能性（特别是，例如，与专业人员使用技术有关）报告将针对特定的政府部门和监管机构量身定制，重点关注技术的主要类型和他们所负责的社会群体。在研究的早期阶段，各部门和机构收到了我们邀请参与的信件，我们也会对这些信件提出的任何具体问题作出评论。为确定的专业人员群体编写的报告将根据其特定的专业进行调整，并笼统地、匿名地提及从该专业人员群体成员那里收集到的意见资料。2)网络参与者的论文编辑集，对上述观点进行了扩展，并探讨了法律提出的概念性问题。预计其中一些文件将通过网络的联系和讨论以合作方式编写。3)通过定期联系和持续合作（可能通过网站推广）来维护法律学者和从业者的持久网络。

The proposed research involves establishing an international network of legal scholars, legal practitioners, and scientists to investigate how the production and use of emerging human enhancement technologies should be managed. Over the next decade, European jurisdictions will face new legal and regulatory challenges. The increasing production and use of what can broadly be categorised as 'human enhancement technologies' is creating challenges for the existing legal frameworks in Europe. Examples of these new technologies include pharmacological substances that improve cognition, chemical enhancement in embryo development and hormonal techniques for increasing physical strength. These and similar technologies are not easily accommodated by current laws within European countries and EU-wide regulatory instruments. The use of these technologies has implications in many legal contexts, particularly the regulation of use by professionals such as pilots and medical practitioners. These technologies will (at a theoretical level) re-engage and challenge lawyers in questions of human rights and political responsibility, as well as (at a practical level) necessitate new or amended approaches to the regulation of pharmaceuticals and other such technologies. Given the potential cross-border impacts (e.g. pilots, drivers), there is a strong need for collaboration across jurisdictions. Whilst the network envisaged in this proposal will be composed principally of European scholars, representatives from the United States and Australia will also be included. The Investigators also hope that this will pave the way for further international expansion of the network beyond the 18-month period planned for in this proposal. In addition to the academic community, the potential beneficiaries of the research conducted through the proposed Research Network will primarily be policy-makers and professionals within the public and private sectors. Further beneficiaries within industry and the general public are envisaged. With these beneficiaries in mind, the anticipated outputs of the proposed research are principally: 1) Audience-tailored reports on the outcomes of the workshop outlining: a. The potential problems raised by new enhancement technologies b. The current legal position relating to enhancement technologies in each jurisdiction and across the EU c. Possibilities for regulation (in particular, for example, in relation to the use of technologies by professionals)The reports will be tailored to particular governmental departments and regulatory bodies, focusing on the main types of technology and groups in society for which they are responsible. They will also be tailored to comment on any particular issues raised by the departments and bodies in response to correspondence from us inviting engagement, sent in the early stages of the research. The reports for the identified groups of professionals will be tailored to their particular professions and refer in general, anonymous terms to the opinion information gathered from members of that professional group. 2) An edited collection of papers from network participants, expanding on the points above and also exploring the conceptual questions posed for the law. It is envisaged that some of these papers will be produced collaboratively, as a result of links and discussions prompted by the network.3) An enduring network of legal scholars and practitioners which will be maintained via regular contact and on-going collaboration (potentially promoted via a website).