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An intellectual biography of Eric Hobsbawm

埃里克·霍布斯鲍姆的知识分子传记

基本信息

批准号：
AH/P008720/1
负责人：
Emile Chabal
金额：
$ 17.99万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FP008720%2F1
关键词：
intellectual biography Eric Hobsbawm

项目摘要

Eric Hobsbawm was undoubtedly one of the most important English-language historians of the twentieth-century. His books were hugely successful and his ideas were discussed far beyond the confines of British academia. At the same time, he was the archetypal intellectual. He remained a specialist in his discipline but he participated actively in civic and political debates about contemporary British, European and global politics. He was not an activist but his commitments and his ideas reflected the intense politicisation and lingering utopias of the twentieth century. There are few historians whose ideas have been discussed by Peruvian trade unionists, Italian Eurocommunists and Cuban Communist ideologues, but the universal Marxist themes that underpinned Hobsbawm's writing made his work accessible to very diverse audiences. This multiplicity of contexts makes it particularly difficult to build a unified and chronological picture. I have therefore chosen instead to organise the project around three common themes that illuminate Hobsbawm's development as a public figure. The first is the role of the intellectual in British public life. In the twentieth century, the British have often been reticent about the notion of the intellectual, but Hobsbawm's unusual trajectory - he was brought up in interwar Austria and Germany - meant that he had a different view of public and political engagement. In Britain he was first and foremost a historian, but elsewhere he was called upon to speak intelligently about topical subjects that were only tangentially related to his professional interests. Hobsbawm thus offers a unique insight into the way the twentieth-century European intellectual was formed and shaped. The second theme is the global imagination of twentieth-century Marxist politics. This means taking seriously, not simply the economic and social implications of Hobsbawm's Marxism, but also its ethical dimensions. Rather than returning to hackneyed debates about whether Hobsbawm's lifelong commitment to Communism was 'good' or 'bad', I want to bring to bear new global and transnational perspectives on the study of the intellectual history of Marxism by emphasising how he used Marxism to help him weave historical stories that influenced hundreds of thousands of readers the world over. The third theme is historical writing. Through a close reading of Hobsbawm's Ages tetralogy and his other textbooks, I will investigate the stylistic underpinnings of English-language history writing. Amongst other things, I will explore Hobsbawm's interest in science and economics; the influence of continental European social scientific writing of the 1930s, 40s and 50s; and the importance of his career as a teacher. I will also consider the way he marketed his books: Hobsbawm had a remarkable talent for self-promotion and the commercial underpinnings of his history writing played an important role in his success.These three themes will allow me to explore the foundations of Hobsbawm's thought, his intellectual trajectory, and the relationship between his personal commitments and his public engagement. They will make it possible for me to compare him with his contemporaries and draw out the common threads that brought together a broad and transnational constellation of twentieth-century Marxist intellectuals. And, crucially, they will help us understand why Hobsbawm was able to contribute to the right debates at the right time. Without this, it is impossible to explain the progression of his ideas and his astonishing long-term impact.

埃里克·霍布斯鲍姆无疑是20世纪最重要的英语历史学家之一。他的书非常成功，他的思想的讨论范围远远超出了英国学术界的范围。同时，他也是典型的知识分子。他仍然是他的学科专家，但他积极参与有关当代英国，欧洲和全球政治的公民和政治辩论。他不是一个活动家，但他的承诺和他的想法反映了强烈的政治化和二十世纪挥之不去的乌托邦。很少有历史学家的观点被秘鲁工会主义者、意大利欧洲共产主义者和古巴共产主义理论家讨论过，但支撑霍布斯鲍姆写作的普遍马克思主义主题使他的作品能够为非常多样化的观众所接受。这种背景的多样性使得建立一个统一的和按时间顺序排列的画面特别困难。因此，我选择围绕三个共同的主题来组织这个项目，这些主题阐明了霍布斯鲍姆作为一个公众人物的发展。首先是知识分子在英国公共生活中的作用。在20世纪，英国人通常对知识分子的概念保持沉默，但霍布斯鲍姆不同寻常的人生轨迹--他在两次世界大战之间的奥地利和德国长大--意味着他对公共和政治参与有着不同的看法。在英国，他首先是一位历史学家，但在其他地方，他被要求就与他的专业兴趣无关的热门话题发表明智的言论。因此，霍布斯鲍姆对20世纪欧洲知识分子的形成和塑造方式提供了独特的见解。第二个主题是20世纪马克思主义政治的全球想象。这意味着不仅要认真对待霍布斯鲍姆的马克思主义的经济和社会含义，还要认真对待其伦理维度。与其回到关于霍布斯鲍姆对共产主义的终身承诺是“好”还是“坏”的陈腐辩论，我想通过强调他如何利用马克思主义帮助他编织影响全世界数十万读者的历史故事，来为马克思主义思想史研究带来新的全球和跨国视角。第三个主题是历史写作。通过阅读霍布斯鲍姆的时代四部曲和他的其他教科书，我将研究英语历史写作的文体基础。除其他事项外，我将探讨霍布斯鲍姆的科学和经济学的兴趣; 20世纪30年代，40年代和50年代的欧洲大陆社会科学写作的影响;和他的职业生涯作为一名教师的重要性。我也会考虑他推销自己著作的方式：霍布斯鲍姆在自我推销方面有着非凡的天赋，他的历史写作的商业基础在他的成功中发挥了重要作用。这三个主题将使我能够探索霍布斯鲍姆思想的基础，他的知识轨迹，以及他的个人承诺和他的公众参与之间的关系。我可以通过这些资料，将他与同时代的人进行比较，并从中找出将20世纪马克思主义知识分子广泛而跨国的群体聚集在一起的共同线索。而且，至关重要的是，它们将帮助我们理解为什么霍布斯鲍姆能够在正确的时间为正确的辩论做出贡献。没有这一点，就不可能解释他的思想的发展和他惊人的长期影响。