ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTING OF OLFACTORY FUNCTION

阿尔茨海默病和其他疾病中嗅觉缺陷的表现 边缘系统的紊乱提示嗅觉测试可能有用。 在对这些障碍的评估中。然而，目前还没有 临床上可用的嗅觉客观测试，区分 中枢神经疾病和外周功能障碍造成的缺陷， 鼻咽部疾病。这一五年计划将得到发展 动物嗅觉功能的电生理测量 临床上应用于神经系统疾病的评估。具体来说， 由气味引起的嗅觉诱发电位将被记录在 大鼠、兔和猴的脑内和头骨电极 在麻醉状态下。刺激将在恒定的流量下产生 目前正在使用的嗅觉仪。初步唤起了 讨论的潜在数据表明，该系统产生了可靠的 气味特有的潜势。初步的参数研究将是 确认确定流量、刺激持续时间、 刺激间隔、浓度和鼻插管位置 嗅觉诱发电位。首先，只检查乙酸戊酯。 但随后将对其他气味物质进行实验。嗅觉唤起了 将在头骨和梨状骨的大脑内绘制电位图 还有内嗅皮层。一旦建立了慢性准备，就会引起 将记录有边缘系统损伤的动物的电位 如侧嗅束横断术。从以下方面获得的经验 本研究将应用于嗅觉诱发电位的研究 临床使用的潜在人体试验。

The demonstration of olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders of the limbic system suggest that olfactory tests may be useful in the evaluation of these disorders. However, there are currently no objective tests of olfaction available clinically that distinguish between deficits due to central nervous disease and peripheral dysfunction e.g., nasopharyngeal disease. This five year project will develop electrophysiological measures of olfactory function in animals that can be applied clinically in the evaluation of neurologic disease. Specifically, olfactory evoked potentials elicited by odors will be recorded from intracerebral and skull electrodes in rats, rabbits, and monkeys, initially while under anesthesia. Stimuli will be generated with a constant flow olfactometer that is currently in operation. The preliminary evoked potential data discussed demonstrate that this system yields reliable potentials specific to odors. The preliminary parametric studies will be confirmed to define the effects of flow rate, stimulus duration, interstimulus interval, concentration, and nasal cannula position on the olfactory evoked potential. At first, only amyl-acetate will be examined but experiments will follow on other odorants. The olfactory evoked potential will be mapped over the skull and intracerebrally in the piriform and entorhinal cortices. Once a chronic preparation is established, evoked potentials will be recorded from animals with lesions of the limbic system such as lateral olfactory tract transection. The experience gained from this research will be applied to the development of olfactory evoked potential testing in humans for clinical use.