PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY OF MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR

这项建议涉及对食物的两种影响的分析。 刺激--餐后饱腹感和奖励。分析包括以下几部分 确定适当的食物刺激物及其特定的预吸收 和/或吸收后作用部位。那么这些外围刺激就是 用于识别由食物刺激激活的外周机制和 被食物刺激改变的中枢机制。 对餐后饱腹感的分析使人们认识到， 饱腹感信号的数量来自食物刺激对其提前吸收的作用 从嘴巴到小肠末端的肠道表面。 这表明，吸收前期饱腹感的机制可能会在 人类和动物的吞噬过多和肥胖综合症。我们对此进行了调查 遗传性肥胖(Obob)小鼠的可能性，在腹内侧 下丘脑损毁大鼠和正常大鼠夜间吞噬功能亢进。 CCK是来自小肠的一种可能的饱腹感信号 从而成为一种潜在的肥胖症治疗剂。我建议研究它的 慢性治疗单纯性肥胖小鼠的疗效。 腹式迷走神经切断术也被认为是治疗重症 肥胖。我建议调查它对吸收前期饱足感的影响，它的 银杏叶提取物对肥胖小鼠摄食量和体重的影响及其机制(S) 它在口渴时产生了无数的赤字。 食物奖励的分析将提供关于它的基本知识 生理机制，并有可能提供新的实验 人类进食障碍的治疗方法和潜在的治疗方法。

This proposal is concerned with an analysis of two effects of food stimuli-- postprandial satiety and reward. The analysis consists of determining the adequate food stimuli and their specific preabsorptive and/or postabsorptive sites of action. Then these peripheral stimuli are used to identify the peripheral mechanisms activated by food stimuli and the central mechanisms that are altered by food stimuli. The analysis of postprandial satiety has led to the realization that a number of satiety signals arise from food stimuli acting preabsorptively on the surface of the gut from the mouth to the end of the small intestine. This has suggested that preabsorptive satiety mechanisms may be altered in human and animal syndromes of hyperphagia and obesity. We investigate this possibility in the genetically obese (obob) mouse, in the ventromedial hypothalamic lesioned rat and in the normal rat during noctural hyperphagia. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a putative satiety signal from the small intestine and thus a potential therapeutic agent for obesity. I propose to study its effectiveness during chronic treatment of obob mice. Abdominal vagotomy has also been proposed as a treatment for severe obesity. I propose to investigate its effect on preabsorptive satiety, its effect on food intake and body weight in obob mice, and the mechanism(s) by which it produces numerous deficits in thirst. The analysis of food reward will provide fundamental knowledge about its physiological mechanisms and it is likely to provide new experimental approaches to, and potential therapies for, human feeding disorders.