INCREASING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF ELDERS IN THE COMMUNITY

越来越多的证据表明，缺乏运动是一种主要原因 导致健康状况不佳、功能不佳和幸福感下降的因素 在老年人身上。这反过来又增加了使用 医疗保健服务和制度化。保护策略 因此，增强老年人的身体能力可以提供 主要的健康和节省成本的好处。我们提出了一个为期3年的项目， 实施并评估提高体力活动水平的计划 非社会福利机构的老年人。该程序利用了许多 社区中现有的体育活动班(帕洛阿尔托， 加利福尼亚州)。此功能最大限度地降低了计划成本，使人们能够 在赠款期限过后继续开展新活动，并促进 该计划可转移到其他社区。该计划将是 针对两个类似社区老年住房的所有居民 帕洛阿尔托的设施。该项目基于社会学习 以及相关的干预方法，重点是鼓励 参与者开始并保持更高水平的体力活动 通过增加对现有社区项目的利用。 干预将包括小组会议、个人咨询、同伴 倡导者，与其他对同一主题感兴趣的参与者合作 活动，以及提高参与度的环境战略。它 还包括社区层面的战略，如使用媒体和 医生的建议是变得更加活跃。在L阶段，6个月 计划将在一个设施(N=120)和第二个设施中实施 作为对照组的设施(N=80)。对该计划的评估 将基于这两个组使用 准实验设计。评估的主要结果是 参加体育活动课和更一般的水平 体力活动。次要结果侧重于全面的概况 功能正常和幸福的人。在第二阶段，参与者的能力 在试验组维持体力活动水平后 计划结束将在第二个6个月期间进行评估， 该计划的可复制性将在第二个设施中进行测试。我们的 目标是开发一个以社区为基础和社区可持续的模式 帮助老年人利用现有健身资源和 在一定程度上保持对这些计划的兴趣和参与 足以获得理想的健康益处。

Increasing evidence suggests that physical inactivity is a prime contributor to poor health, poor functioning, and diminished well-being in older adults. This in turn leads to increased likelihood of use of health care services and institutionalization. Strategies to preserve and enhance the physical capabilities of older people may thus provide major health and cost-saving benefits. We propose a 3-year project to implement and evaluate a program to increase the physical activity levels of noninstitutionalized older adults. The program makes use of the many existing physical activity classes in the community (Palo Alto, California). This feature minimizes program costs, enables people to continue their new activities beyond the grant period, and facilitates the program's transferability to other communities. The program will be targeted to all residents in two similar community senior housing facilities in Palo Alto. The program, which is based on social learning and related approaches to intervention, focuses on encouraging participants to initiate and maintain higher levels of physical activity through increased utilization of already available community programs. The intervention will include group sessions, individual counseling, peer advocates, partnering participants with others interested in the same activities, and environmental strategies to enhance participation. It also includes community-level strategies such as the use of media and physician recommendations to become more active. In phase L the 6-month program will be implemented in one facility (N= 120) with the second facility serving as a comparison group (N=80). Evaluation of the program will be based on a comparison of these two groups using a quasi-experimental design. Primary outcomes of the evaluation are participation in physical activity classes and more general levels Of physical activity. Secondary outcomes focus on a comprehensive profile of functioning and well-being. In Phase II, the ability of participants in the experimental group to maintain physical activity levels after the program ends will be evaluated for a second 6-month period, and the replicability of the program will be tested in the second facility. Our goal is to develop a model for community-based and community-sustained programs to help older adults utilize existing fitness resources and maintain interest and participation in those programs at a level sufficient to obtain desirable health benefits.