IMMUNE MECHANISMS OF MIDDLE EAR DISEASE

中耳疾病的免疫机制

• 批准号: 3128603
• 负责人: Philip Fireman
• 金额: $ 24.11万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSP PITTSBURGH/UPMC HLTH SYS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-08-01 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3128603
• 关键词: Macaca; acute disease /disorder; airborne allergen; antihistamines; basophils; chronic disease /disorder; disease /disorder prevention /control; ear disorder chemotherapy; ear disorder diagnosis; eosinophil; histamine; histamine release; human subject; human therapy evaluation; immunoglobulins; immunopathology; immunopathology diagnosis; immunopharmacology; inflammation; mast cell; medical complication; neurotoxins; neutrophil; nonhuman therapy evaluation; otitis media; pediatrics; prostaglandins; relapse /recurrence; respiratory hypersensitivity; respiratory virus; rhinitis

The goals of this research are to define the etiologies and pathogeneses of otitis media with effusion. Our past studies have documented several pathogenic pathways whereby nasal inflammation provoked by allergy or viral infection are manifest as eustachian tube obstruction, a recognized cause of otitis media with effusion. The purpose of this ongoing research is to define the role and interaction of allergy and viral infection in promoting nasal congestion, tubal obstruction and middle ear pathophysiology. These relationships will be explored with an emphasis on amplification, modulation and prolongation of primary responses. Specifically, we will utilize human models for challenges with inflammatory mediators, allergens and viruses, and animal models of IgE hypersensitivity to: 1) define the role of inflammatory mediators in causing tubal obstruction and middle ear disease; 2) document the potential of allergen and viral priming and late allergic reactions to enhance and sustain the nasal and middle ear pathophysiologies; and 3) determine if allergic rhinitis subjects are hyperresponsive to upper respiratory virus infection. Age related response differences between children and adults will be further defined. Children who are indentified in prospective studies as "otitis prone" will be evaluated for immune defects to explain their recurrent ear infections. Middle ear effusions (MEE) from children with acute and chronic OME will be assayed for histamine, prostaglandins, tryptase and eosinophil derived major basic protein and neurotoxin. Enhanced basophil histamine release and production of histamine releasing factors will be explored as possible predisposing factors in these children. This collaborative research effort by clinical immunologists, otolaryngologists, microbiologists, physiologists and biochemists will better define the role of allergy and viral infection in the pathogenesis of OME and should result in improved diagnosis and management of this most common pediatric disease.

本研究的目的是确定的病因和发病机制