MECHANISM AND REGULATION OF CONTRACTILE PROTEINS

这项研究的长期目标是更好地理解 收缩过程的潜在机制及其调节。 收缩是许多生物系统的一个重要性质。 除了骨骼肌之外。皮肤上的光滑肌肉 胃肠道提供必要的刺激，以适当 消化和循环系统中的平滑肌肉起着主要作用。 角色。非肌肉细胞中的收缩蛋白被认为参与了 在细胞分裂、胞质流动、吞噬等过程中 需要修改和维护细胞形状的。收缩，收缩 血小板细胞在血栓成熟过程中起着重要作用。 这个项目沿着几条主要路线进行。第一个涉及到 对骨骼肌系统有更好的了解。这 肌肉是人们最了解的收缩系统，但仍有许多问题有待解决。 确定的因素包括丝状组织和 肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白相互作用的详细性质和控制。一个 第二个主要研究方向涉及到其他收缩技术的应用。 与骨骼肌一起发展的技术系统。顺畅的 将对鸡胆的肌肉进行初步研究。其他可能的情况 应用包括血小板的非肌肉收缩系统。这个 第三个主要研究方向是使用收缩蛋白作为 发展对影响的总体理解的模型系统 酶催化及其超分子酶部位的调控 结构。这是一个问题，它是扩展 从研究酶学在体外稀溶液中的反应转变为 在体内发生的反应的复杂性。 将广泛使用同位素标记的交换反应 水和三磷酸腺苷水解产生的磷酸盐之间的氧原子。 对这种交换反应的分析为我们提供了对 骨骼肌球蛋白的机制，并将继续这样做。它代表着一种 对其他收缩机制的方便和有前景的探索 系统也是如此。

The long term goal of this research is to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying contractile processes and their regulation. Contractility is an important property of many biological systems in addition to that of skeletal muscle. The smooth muscles in the gastro-intestinal tract provide the agitation necessary for proper digestion and the smooth muscles in the circulatory system play a major role. Contractile proteins in non-muscle cells are believed to be involved in cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, phagocytosis and other processes requiring modification and maintenance of cell shape. The contraction of the platelet cell is important in the maturation of blood clots. This project is directed along several major lines. The first involves development of a better understanding of the skeletal muscle system. This muscle is the best understood contractile system, but much remains to be determined including the influence of the filamentous organization and the detailed nature and control of the interaction between actin and myosin. A second major line of research involves the application to other contractile systems of the techniques developed with skeletal muscle. The smooth muscle of chicken gizzard will be initially studied. Other possible applications include the non-muscle contractile system of platelets. The third major line of research is the use of the contractile proteins as a model system for developing a general understanding of the influence on enzymatic catalysis and regulation of having enzyme sites supramolecular structures. This is a problem which is central to the extension of enzymology from the study of reactions in dilute solutions in vitro into the complexity of reactions as they occur in vivo. Extensive use will be made of the exchange reaction of isotopically labeled oxygen atoms between water and the phosphate produced by ATP hydrolysis. Analysis of this exchange reaction has provided powerful insight into the mechanism of skeletal myosin and continue to do so. It represents a convenient and promising probe into the mechanisms of other contractile systems as well.