14TSB_SynBio: BaseHunter: a software tool for synthetic biology procurement

14TSB_SynBio：BaseHunter：合成生物学采购软件工具

• 批准号: BB/M005585/1
• 负责人: Robert Dickinson
• 金额: $ 12.97万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM005585%2F1
• 关键词: 14TSB_SynBio; BaseHunter; software; tool; synthetic

Proteins are encoded into DNA using four chemical bases (A, T, C and G). A string of three bases is called a codon. SinceDNA has four bases, a maximum of 64 (4x4x4) unique codons can be formed. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 are used toencode amino acids. There only 20 different amino acids used to construct proteins. Rather than having unused codons,life uses a system in which an average of three different codons encode the same amino acid. Consequently, the sameprotein sequence can be encoded with many different DNA sequences. Each DNA sequence will vary with respect toparameters such as translational efficiency, transcriptional efficiency, protein folding and ease of synthesis. Codonoptimisation is an algorithmic process that seeks to pick the best possible variant for a given purpose. The research part ofthis project seeks to develop a way of measuring how well different codon optimisation algorithms perform. This will bedone by obtaining different codon optimised genes and measuring how they behave in living systems.

蛋白质使用四种化学碱基（A、T、C 和 G）编码成 DNA。由三个碱基组成的字符串称为密码子。由于 DNA 有 4 个碱基，因此最多可以形成 64 (4x4x4) 个独特密码子。在 64 个可能的密码子中，有 61 个用于编码氨基酸。只有 20 种不同的氨基酸用于构建蛋白质。生命使用的系统不是未使用的密码子，而是平均三个不同的密码子编码相同的氨基酸。因此，相同的蛋白质序列可以由许多不同的DNA序列编码。每个 DNA 序列的参数都会有所不同，例如翻译效率、转录效率、蛋白质折叠和合成难易程度。密码子优化是一种算法过程，旨在为给定目的选择最佳的变体。该项目的研究部分旨在开发一种测量不同密码子优化算法性能的方法。这将通过获得不同的密码子优化基因并测量它们在生命系统中的行为来完成。