TWIN/FAMILY STUDY OF VULNERABILITY TO SUBSTANCE ABUSE

三个队列，每个队列由165对11岁的男性双胞胎组成， 18和25将从出生记录中确定，并招募， 连同他们的亲生父母和一个男性兄弟姐妹， 参加为期两天的实验室评估。 每个队列的三分之一将由高风险家庭组成， 亲生父亲有药物滥用史（SA）; 每个组群的剩余部分将被标记。 双胞胎的一半 对将是单卵的，一半的MZ和DZ双胞胎家庭 将居住在明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗大都会区， 另一半在明尼苏达州外 评估将涉及 结构化精神病访谈和物质评估 使用、认知和神经心理学测试、 个性、兴趣和才能，心理评估， 与SA或精神疾病相关的生理标志物 引起SA风险的疾病，以及家庭和 同伴群体特征和日常活动日记。 双胞胎 和兄弟姐妹将参加为期一天的后续实验室 在项目的第五年进行评估。 意图是 这些双胞胎家庭随后将在7年内进行随访 期 165个高风险家庭将允许联合分析， 确定和推定的SA风险因素。 第330章 双胞胎家庭将为多变量生物统计学提供数据- 对青少年、青少年晚期、 和成年雄性。 本研究的主要目的是 确定基因型-环境协变的机制 和相互作用决定了物质的自然历史 虐待

Three cohorts, each consisting of 165 pairs of male twins aged 11, 18, and 25 will be ascertained from birth records, and recruited, together with their biological parents and a male sibling, where available, to participate in a two-day laboratory assessment. One-third of each cohort will consist of high-risk families in which the biological father has a history of substance abuse (SA); the remainder of each cohort will be unselected. Half of the twin pairs will be monozygotic and half of the MZ and DZ twin families will reside in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area and the other half in out-state Minnesota. The assessment will involve structured psychiatric interviews and assessment of substance use, cognitive and neuropsychological tests, inventories of personality, interests, and talents, assessment of psycho- physiological markers associated with SA or with psychiatric disorders that entail risk for SA, and assessment of family and peer group characteristics, and a daily activities diary. The twins and siblings will participate in a one-day follow-up laboratory assessment in the 5th year of the project. It is intended that these twin-families will subsequently be follow-up over a 7 year period. The 165 high-risk families will permit a joint analysis of established and putative risk factors for SA. The 330 unselected twin-families will provide data for multivariate biometrical- genetic analysis of these risk factors in juvenile, late adolescent, and young-adult males. The central purpose of this study is to identify the mechanisms of genotype-environmental covariation and interaction that determined the natural history of substance abuse.