ORAL FACTORS--IMPACT ON DENTO-FACIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TX

拟议的研究将检查舌和唇的作用， 结构和口的发展和治疗的姿势 牙面畸形 研究1采用纵向研究设计， 将被雇用。 对200名（岁）儿童的静息口位进行了研究 5-6)在独立工作期间， 在学校的学习时间。 一些牙齿面部骨骼 气道和口腔面部肌肉测量也将在 每个孩子。 评估将每年进行一次，为期五年。 本研究旨在确定 口腔和舌头的静止姿势对牙面发育的影响。 它 据预测，在最初的评估中， 不适当的姿势不会对牙齿和骨骼造成影响， 采取适当的措施。 然而 这些行为的负面影响将在整个 时间 特别是，据预测，不适当的嘴和 舌头姿势将与增加的频率相关联， 牙面畸形的严重程度。 研究二将研究 治疗不适当的口腔和舌头静止姿势的效果 对正畸矫正率和维持率的影响 正畸治疗收益。 采用2 × 2析因设计，80 即将开始正畸治疗的儿童（8-13岁） 作为主题。 在总样本中，40个子样本 孩子们会通过他们不适当的表现来识别 静止嘴姿势（OMP）（例如，嘴唇分开和低向前 舌头的位置）。 剩下的年轻人将展示 适当的口腔和舌头休息姿势（No-OMP）。 的OMP 孩子们将被随机分配到口腔肌肉 治疗或没有肌肉治疗条件。 同样， 年轻人将被随机分配到这些相同的条件下。 青少年在所有条件下也将接触到一种行为 管理程序，旨在促进遵守 正畸和/或口腔肌肉治疗方案。 遵约 为了减少可能性， 治疗上的差异是因为依从性问题。 是 期望纠正不适当的嘴和舌头 姿势将增加正牙治疗反应的速率， 这种干预也将减少 保持和复发的问题。

The proposed studies will examine the role of lingual and labial structures and mouth postures on the development and treatment of dento-facial anomalies. In study 1, a longitudinal research design will be employed. The resting mouth posture of 200 children (ages 5-6) will be monitored while they are working independently during a study period at school. A number of dento-facial, skeletal, airway, and oral facial muscle measures will also be obtained on each child. Assessments will be conducted annually for five years. This study is designed to determine the developmental impact of resting mouth and tongue postures on dento-facial development. It is predicted that at the initial assessment youngsters who display inappropriate postures will not differ on dental and skeletal measures from children who exhibit appropriate postures. However the negative influence of these behaviors will be visible across time. In particular, it is predicted that inappropriate mouth and tongue postures will be associated with an increased frequency and severity of dento-facial anomalies. Study two will examine the effect of treating inappropriate resting mouth and tongue postures on the rate of orthodontic correction and the maintenance of orthodontic treatment gains. Using a 2 X 2 factorial design, 80 children (8-13 years) about to begin orthodontic treatment will serve as subjects. Within the total sample, a subsample of 40 children will be identified by their displaying inappropriate resting mouth postures (OMP) (e.g. lips parted and low forward tongue position). The remaining youngsters will exhibit appropriate resting mouth and tongue postures (No-OMP). The OMP children will then be randomly assigned to either an oral muscle therapy or no muscle therapy condition. Similarly, the No-OMP youngsters will be randomly assigned to these same conditions. Youngsters in all conditions will also be exposed to a behavior management procedure designed to facilitate compliance with the orthodontic and/or oral muscle therapy regimens. The compliance procedure is included in order to reduce the likelihood that post treatment differences are a result of compliance problems. It is expected that the correction of inappropriate mouth and tongue postures will increase the rate of orthodontic treatment response, and that this intervention will also be associated with a reduction of retention and relapse problems.