HIGHER ORDER MECHANISMS IN COLOR VISION

这项建议的主要目的是了解 高阶颜色机制及其在确定 在复杂的视觉阵列中的对象的颜色外观。 按高阶 机制是指视觉处理链中的元素， 第二阶段的机制，最传统的模型的视觉。 的 这种机制的存在是通过详细分析 选择性脱敏导致的观察调制 领域，并通过歧视和检测之间的关系， 脉搏的颜色变化。 实验计划使用新的程序， 预计将更强烈地降低高阶机制的灵敏度， 前期阶段。 此外，还将更详细地审查 计划检测阈值附近脉冲变化的可辨别性。 同时测量颜色对比度的新的精确和有效的方法 将用于参数研究。 这些实验的一个目标是 通用模型，这将允许预测复杂的颜色外观 视觉阵列 另一个目标是阐明 同步对比的过程。 控制和指定颜色的新方法的应用 刺激有缺陷的色觉的测量提出。 这些 方法不仅能够有效地诊断先天性颜色， 缺陷，但将适用于发现缺陷， 视网膜后系统 继续合作研究单个神经元的特性， 猴子的视觉系统是计划好的。 已证明在以下方面卓有成效的方法： 外侧膝状体中unis的特征将被应用于 V1、V2和V4的皮质系统。

The major goal of this proposal is the understanding of the nature of higher order color mechanisms and their possible role in determining the color appearance of objects in complex visual arrays. By higher order mechanisms are meant elements in the chain of visual processing beyond the second stage mechanisms of most conventional models of vision. The existence of such mechanisms has been suggested by the detailed analysis of the selective desensitization resulting from the viewing of modulated fields, and by the relation between the discrimination and detection of pulse changes in color. Experiments are planned using new procedures which are expected to desensitize the higher order mechanisms more strongly than prior stages. In addition, a more detailed examination of the discriminability of pulse changes near detection threshold are planned. New precise and efficient methods of measuring simultaneous color contrast will be used in parametric studies. One goal of these experiments is a general model which will allow prediction of color appearance in complex visual arrays. Another goal is to shed light on the mechanistic levels of the processes of simultaneous contrast. Applications of the new methods of controlling and specifying chromatic stimuli to the measurement of defective color vision are proposed. These methods will not only be capable of efficiently diagnosing congenital color deficiencies but would be applicable to discovery of defects in post-retinal systems. Continued collaboration in studies of the properties of single neurons in the monkey visual system is planned. Methods which have proved fruitful in the characterization of unis in the lateral geniculate will be applied to cortical systems in V1, V2, and V4.