ANTI-CARBOHYDRATE ANTIBODIES IN CELL BIOLOGY

细胞生物学中的抗碳水化合物抗体

• 批准号: 3271493
• 负责人: Sen-itiroh Hakomori
• 金额: $ 9.67万
• 依托单位: FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1976
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1976-05-01 至 1986-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3271493
• 关键词: antibody formation; antibody specificity; antireceptor antibody; carbohydrate structure; cell biology; cell differentiation; cell growth regulation; cell membrane; cell motility; cell population study; cellular immunity; electron microscopy; glycolipids; immunofluorescence technique; immunoglobulins; immunoregulation; immunotoxicity; membrane activity; monoclonal antibody; oligosaccharides

Lectins have been used widely as a probe for study of cell surface saccharides although the specificities of lectins is too broad to specify a definite carbohydrate structure on the cell surface. Furthermore, lectins are multivalent, difficult to convert into a monovalent state, they are, therefore, pinocytocyzed rapidly by cells, and express various cytotoxicities. In contrast, the anti-carbohydrate antibody directed against a defined single carbohydrate structure of a glycolipid or oligosaccharide derivative shows narrow specificity, no demonstrable cytotoxicity, and is readily converted to a monovalent fragment (Fab). This proposal includes: 1. Extensive studies on basic conditions for preparation of and general properties of a large variety of monospecific anti-carbohydrate antibodies, and 2. use of such antibodies and their monovalent derivatives in various cell biological studies: a) determination of the quantity and the quality of various saccharides on cell surfaces and in intracellular membranes as related to animal cell functions (cell contact, cell proliferation, etc,) b) effect of multivalent and monovalent antibodies on surface functions and c) effect of purified anti-carbohydrate antibodies on lymphocyte mediated immune reaction such as blocking of target cell destruction. The approach will be useful in solving various problems in cell biology, particularly the control mechanism of cell proliferation through membrane-saccharides.

凝集素已被广泛用作研究细胞表面粘附的探针 尽管凝集素的特异性太广， 细胞表面的碳水化合物结构。 此外，凝集素是 多价的，难以转化为单价状态，因此， 被细胞迅速吞饮，并表现出多种细胞毒性。 相比之下，针对限定的单一碳水化合物的抗碳水化合物抗体， 糖脂或寡糖衍生物的碳水化合物结构显示 特异性窄，无明显细胞毒性，且易于转化为 单价片段（Fab）。 该建议包括：1.广泛研究基本条件 制备和一般性质的各种单特异性 抗碳水化合物抗体，和2.这些抗体的用途及其 单价衍生物在各种细胞生物学研究中的应用： 细胞表面和细胞内各种色素的数量和质量 与动物细胞功能（细胞接触，细胞 增殖等），B）多价和单价抗体对 表面功能和c）纯化的抗碳水化合物抗体对 淋巴细胞介导的免疫反应，如阻断靶细胞破坏。 该方法将有助于解决细胞生物学中的各种问题， 特别是细胞增殖的控制机制， 膜包埋