Biosecurity and Roundworm Advice for Cattle Enterprises (BRACE)

针对养牛企业的生物安全和蛔虫建议 (BRACE)

• 批准号: BB/W016559/1
• 负责人: David Bartley
• 金额: $ 48.47万
• 依托单位: Moredun Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FW016559%2F1
• 关键词: Biosecurity; Roundworm; Advice; Cattle; Enterprises

Roundworms are ubiquitous in UK cattle industry and are of growing concern for livestock producers and policy makers due to the impact they have on productivity and the environmental impacts of livestock and associated treatments (e.g. biodiversity loss and Green House Gas emissions). In the UK there are only a few compounds (benzimidazoles (BZ), levamisoles and macrocyclic lactones (ML)) to control these pathogens and resistance (anthelmintic resistance (AR)) prevalence is increasing. ML resistance is commonly reported in the UK, and the first case of BZ resistance (BZ-r) was recorded recently. Little is currently known about the current BZ-r prevalence in UK cattle roundworms. One very effective, but commonly overlooked, control strategy is appropriate quarantine/biosecurity. Ensuring appropriate measures are taken to keep pathogens out of herds or limit the spread of disease through effective biosecurity/disease management is essential for increasing the lifespan of the available anthelmintics. Previous questionnaire work highlighted that only half of the respondents administer any quarantine treatments to newly purchased stock. To improve uptake of biosecurity recommendations, we must first explore the role of cattle trade (due to its potential importance) in the dissemination of roundworms and the potential risk of introducing AR. By developing tools for studying the prevalence and development of AR in cattle roundworms, and understanding the factors that influence adoption of best practice recommendations, including attitudinal, cultural and practical barriers to adoption we can inform the design of robust, evidence-backed and most importantly, producer acceptable, control advice. Engagement with farmers and other stakeholders, will aid in scenario setting for mechanistic transmission model simulations and subsequently the development of tailored knowledge exchange tools. Dissemination of outputs is central to this project as all work packages inform the development of knowledge exchange tools for effective communication of sustainable roundworm control and biosecurity recommendations. Stakeholder engagement will be a priority to maximise uptake of best practice guidance on commercial farms. Understanding factors which influence farmers' adoption intention will benefit communication between researchers and stakeholders beyond this project. The project will bring together a multi- and inter-disciplinary team to combine and integrate state-of the art molecular parasitology, social science and mathematical modelling methodologies to:-Quantify the risk of roundworms/resistance: Characterize roundworm infections in cattle sold at auction using sequencing technologies to study the prevalence and emergence/progression of BZ-r in UK herds-Explore potential impact/outcome: Parameterise, develop, and apply a mechanistic model to simulate a) the impact of best/current practices on roundworms and resistance transmission by tracking the potential fate of roundworms being introduced on farm in order to explore the role of animal movement in the dissemination of anthelmintic resistance and b) generate visual outputs for stakeholder meetings and events to highlight potential outcomes of particular practices. Model scenarios will be influenced by the parasitology findings and workshops/discussion groups being held at three sites across the UK. -Understand practices and attitudes: Conduct qualitative and quantitative studies to explore producers' attitudes and coping strategies towards, perceived risks & uptake of current advice on biosecurity and sustainable roundworm management for cattle farmers. -Communicate Results: Develop a range effective knowledge exchange tools and materials (including a virtual visual tour) that will provide a lasting resource in a novel format to help engage a wider audience, both visual and interactive methods have been shown to be the preferred method for farmers to learn.

蛔虫在英国养牛业中普遍存在，由于它们对生产力的影响以及牲畜及其相关处理(如生物多样性丧失和温室气体排放)对环境的影响，越来越受到畜牧业生产者和政策制定者的关注。在英国，只有为数不多的几种化合物(苯并咪唑类(BZ)、左旋咪唑类化合物和大环内酯类化合物(ML))可以控制这些病原体，并且抗药性(AR)的流行正在增加。ML耐药在英国很常见，最近记录了首例BZ耐药(BZ-r)病例。目前对BZ-R在英国牛蛔虫中的流行情况知之甚少。一种非常有效但通常被忽视的控制策略是适当的检疫/生物安全。确保采取适当措施，通过有效的生物安全/疾病管理，将病原体排除在畜群之外或限制疾病的传播，对于延长现有驱虫剂的寿命至关重要。以前的问卷调查工作强调，只有一半的受访者对新购买的股票进行任何隔离处理。为了更好地采纳生物安全建议，我们必须首先探讨牛贸易(由于其潜在的重要性)在蛔虫传播中的作用以及引入AR的潜在风险。通过开发工具研究牛蛔虫中AR的流行和发展，并了解影响采用最佳实践建议的因素，包括态度、文化和实践障碍，我们可以为设计可靠的、有证据支持的、最重要的是生产者可接受的控制建议提供信息。与农民和其他利益攸关方接触，将有助于设定机械传播模型模拟的情景，并随后开发量身定制的知识交流工具。传播成果对该项目至关重要，因为所有工作包都有助于开发知识交流工具，以便有效地传达可持续的蛔虫防治和生物安全建议。利益相关者的参与将是商业农场最大限度地采用最佳实践指导的优先事项。了解影响农户采用意愿的因素，有助于项目以外的研究者和利益相关者之间的沟通。该项目将汇集一个多学科和跨学科的团队，以结合和整合最先进的分子寄生虫学、社会科学和数学建模方法，以：-量化蛔虫/耐药性的风险：使用测序技术表征拍卖出售的牛中蛔虫感染的特征，以研究BZ-r在英国牛群中的流行和出现/发展-探索潜在的影响/结果：参数化，发展，并应用机械模型来模拟a)通过跟踪引入农场的蛔虫的潜在命运来模拟最佳/当前做法对蛔虫和耐药性传播的影响，以探索动物运动在传播驱虫药耐药性方面的作用，以及b)为利益攸关方会议和活动生成可视化输出，以突出特定做法的潜在结果。模型场景将受到寄生虫学发现和在英国三个地点举行的研讨会/讨论小组的影响。-了解做法和态度：开展定性和定量研究，探讨生产者对养牛户生物安全和可持续蛔虫管理的态度和应对策略、感知的风险和接受当前建议的情况。-交流成果：开发一系列有效的知识交流工具和材料(包括虚拟视觉旅游)，将以新的形式提供持久的资源，帮助更广泛的受众参与，视觉和互动方法已被证明是农民学习的首选方法。