REGULATION OF ANDROGEN SECRETION IN MAMMALIAN TESTES

在过去的一年里，我们完成了一系列比较睾丸激素的实验 大鼠、兔、狗、豚鼠和仓鼠睾丸体外灌流的分泌物。 睾酮分泌的物种差异被发现。这些物种 研究发现，睾丸激素分泌的差异与 睾丸内有大量的间质细胞。相反，睾丸激素的分泌是 间质中滑面内质网的数量与其数量呈正相关 细胞。睾酮分泌与间质细胞比例的变化 内质网以豚鼠最高，兔次之， 狗、老鼠和仓鼠。最后，研究表明，类固醇通过 睾丸激素的生物合成途径在大鼠和 兔子。显然，体外灌流的兔睾丸合成了睾酮 孕烯醇酮经17羟基孕烯醇酮合成脱氢表雄酮 产生β-5-雄烯二醇产生睾酮。相比之下，有两条途径 发现在体外灌流的大鼠睾丸中占主导地位。孕烯醇酮得率 17羟基孕烯醇酮产生17羟孕酮产生增量4 雄烯二酮产生睾酮，孕烯醇酮产生孕酮 17羟孕酮产生β4雄烯二酮产生睾酮。

During the past year we completed a series of experiments comparing testosterone secretion by rat, rabbit, dog, guinea pig and hamster testes perfused in vitro. Species differences in testosterone secretion were discovered. These species differences in testosterone secretion were found not to be correlated with the mass of Leydig cells present in the testis. Instead, testosterone secretion was correlated directly with the amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in Leydig cells. Testosterone secretion and the proportion of Leydig cell smooth endoplasmic reticulum was highest in the guinea pig followed in order by rabbit, dog, rat and hamster. Finally, it was shown that the flux of steroids through the testosterone biosynthetic pathway was markedly different in rats and rabbits. Apparently, rabbit testes perfused in vitro synthesized testosterone from pregnenolone via 17 hydroxypregnenolone yields dehydroepiandrosterone yields delta 5 androstenediol yields testosterone. By contrast, two pathways were found to predominate in rat testes perfused in vitro. Pregnenolone yields 17 hydroxypregnenolone yields 17 hydroxyprogesterone yields delta 4 androstenedione yields testosterone and pregnenolone yields progesterone yields 17 hydroxyprogesterone yields delta 4 androstenedione yields testosterone.