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Adaptable Suburbs: a study of the relationship between networks of human activity and the changing form of urban and suburban centres through time

适应性郊区：人类活动网络与城市和郊区中心随时间变化的形式之间关系的研究

基本信息

批准号：
EP/I001212/1
负责人：
Laura Vaughan
金额：
$ 92.78万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI001212%2F1
关键词：
Adaptable Suburbs study relationship between

项目摘要

This project is a study of how small-scale centres of social and economic activity are shaped by the way in which physical and social networks change their form through time. Due to their frequently being below the policy radar, there is a clear gap in knowledge about how smaller centres form part of the large-scale spatial/social network. This subject area requires an interdisciplinary approach; both to provide the tools to handle large data sets on street-level activity within and around town centres, as well as by providing the knowledge and understanding to interpret the spatially related social/economic data in a meaningful way. Due to our collective expertise, we are in a position to test a novel proposition about how centres of socio-economic activity emerge through time, for which existing theoretical models of centre-periphery or fringe-belt do not seem adequate. We will address the question of how local self-organisation, design interventions and functional changes have an impact on large-scale network of connections. The need for a specific policy on suburbs to realise their untapped potential is essential to improve the quality of cities today. Our research will provide the evidence for targeted funding in the UK suburbs that Kochan and others have maintained are required for preventative action to halt further decline in the suburbs and to avoid the need for major expenditure in the future . It is clear that the city as a whole is inextricably linked and no centre can succeed in isolation from the others (as outlined in the London Mayor's report on 'Planning for a Better London', July 2008). At a time of great social and economic flux characterised by new communications technologies and radically changing patterns of work, living and consumption (such as flexible working and the current economic downturn), suburban centres are critical to an urgently needed re-evaluation of how to plan for the future growth of our older cities.These theoretical gaps are mirrored in the design and policy worlds, which find it hard to apply general principles to particular cases; taking one example, a policy demand for 'densification' implemented nationally comes up against an inability to understand its implications in particular, local contexts. It is vital to understand the spatial configuration and social/economic significance of smaller centres at the peri-urban edge. An informed understanding of how to shape these smaller centres is necessary to prevent current solutions creating their own problems in the future. This proposal comes at a critical juncture in policy and place-making. We have been told by policy-makers that there is an urgent need to address the future sustainability of urban and sub-urban environments by tapping into their potential for densification, reuse and adaptation. An understanding of how smaller centres work within their immediate and regional networks of larger centres is critical to the future economic, social and environmental sustainability of complex mega-cities such as London. One of the major problems with current conceptualisations of these three domains is that they are not viewed in an integrated and holistic way. Preliminary evidence suggests that diversity of activity helps create the vitality in local centres that provides the customers, employees and employers of the local economy; the economic and social aspects are dependent in turn on environmental sustainability: we need to understand the potential of an aging infrastructure to reduce resource consumption.

该项目研究的是，随着时间的推移，有形网络和社交网络如何改变其形式，从而形成小规模的社会和经济活动中心。由于这些中心往往不受政策关注，因此在了解较小的中心如何构成大规模空间/社会网络的一部分方面存在着明显的差距。这一主题领域需要一个跨学科的方法，既要提供工具来处理大型数据集内和周围的城市中心的街道一级的活动，以及通过提供知识和理解，以有意义的方式解释空间相关的社会/经济数据。由于我们的集体专业知识，我们能够测试一个新的命题，即社会经济活动中心是如何随着时间的推移而出现的，现有的中心-边缘或边缘带的理论模型似乎并不适用。我们将讨论当地的自我组织，设计干预和功能变化如何对大规模的连接网络产生影响的问题。需要一项关于郊区的具体政策，以实现其未开发的潜力，这对提高当今城市的质量至关重要。我们的研究将为英国郊区的有针对性的资金提供证据，Kochan和其他人一直认为这是预防性行动所必需的，以阻止郊区的进一步下降，并避免未来需要重大支出。很明显，整个城市是密不可分的，没有一个中心可以孤立于其他中心而取得成功（如伦敦市长2008年7月关于“规划更美好的伦敦”的报告所述）。在一个以新的通信技术和彻底改变工作、生活和消费模式为特征的社会和经济大动荡的时代，（如灵活的工作和当前的经济衰退），郊区中心是至关重要的，迫切需要重新评估如何规划我们的老城市的未来增长。这些理论上的差距反映在设计和政策世界，这些国家发现很难将一般原则应用于特定情况;举一个例子，在全国范围内实施的“密集化”政策需求遇到了无法理解其在特定地方背景下的含义的问题。至关重要的是要了解城市周边较小中心的空间结构和社会/经济意义。有必要了解如何塑造这些较小的中心，以防止目前的解决方案在未来产生自己的问题。这项建议是在政策和地方决策的关键时刻提出的。政策制定者告诉我们，迫切需要通过挖掘城市和城市郊区环境的密集化、再利用和适应潜力，解决其未来的可持续性问题。了解较小的中心如何在较大中心的直接和区域网络内运作，对于伦敦等复杂的特大城市今后的经济、社会和环境可持续性至关重要。目前对这三个领域的概念化的主要问题之一是没有以综合和整体的方式看待它们。初步证据表明，活动的多样性有助于在地方中心创造活力，为地方经济提供客户、雇员和雇主;经济和社会方面反过来又取决于环境的可持续性：我们需要了解老化的基础设施在减少资源消耗方面的潜力。