CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY AND BEHAVIORAL VARIATION

这项研究的目的是讲述细胞遗传学的新领域。 和人类行为遗传学对正常人类发育和问题的认识 精神变态学。我们正在调查两国关系的性质， 可能存在于雄性性染色体非整倍体之间(即XXY， XYY)和随后的人格发展。带有这些染色体的婴儿 病变--以及作为对照的婴儿--通过染色体定位 对男婴进行筛查。这些婴儿和儿童正在被跟踪 在一项旨在识别反应性的长期发展研究中 可能与染色体有关的花柱或发育滞后 变种。这些数据是通过半结构化的父母访谈获得的 (逐字记录)和对儿童的直接观察减少到16 操作定义的行为类别，代表儿童的 心理社会最相关方面的发展和作用 适应。基于系统抽样的初步结论 方法通过心理测试、发展性独立检验 评估和正式实验。有相当大的争议 围绕着可能存在的关系的问题 某些性染色体变异和个性发展。这 引起争议的事实是，许多证据表明 这种关系是通过对个体群体进行调查而获得的 他表现出一种特殊的个性偏差，并发现 其中一种特定的染色体非整倍体的发生率增加。这个 携带这种变异的未经选择的个体的自然历史仍然存在 很大程度上是未知的。是否应该对受影响的人进行长期纵向研究 个体会暴露出与这种变异相关的任何发育风险， 这些知识可以帮助这些人克服 发展滞后，充分发挥发展潜力。

The research aims of this study are to relate the new areas of cytogenetics and human behavior genetics to problems in normal human development and psychopathology. We are investigating the nature of the relationship which might exist between the sex chromosome aneuploides in males (i.e., XXY, XYY) and subsequent personality development. Infants with these chromosome lesions-and infants serving as controls-were located through a chromosome screening of male neonates. These infants and children are being followed in a long-term developmental study with the aim of identifying reactive styles or developmental lags that might be related to the chromosome variations. The data, obtained through semistructured parental interviews (recorded verbatim) and direct observations of the child, are reduced to 16 operationally defined categories of behavior that represent the child's development and functioning in the most relevant aspects of psychosocial adaptation. Preliminary conclusions based on the systematic sampling method are tested independently by psychological testing, developmental assessments and formal experiments. Considerable controversy has surrounded the issue of the possible relationship which might exist between certain sex chromosome variations and personality development. This controversy has resulted from the fact that much of the evidence suggesting such a relationship has been obtained by surveying groups of individuals who demonstrated a particular personality deviation and finding an increased incidence of a specific chromosomal aneuploidy among them. The natural history of unselected individuals who carry such variations remains largely unknown. Should long-term longitudinal studies of affected individuals reveal any developmental risk associated with the variation, this knowledge can be directed to helping these individuals overcome developmental lags and realize their full developmental potential.