PULMONARY INTERSTITIAL MECHANICS

肺动脉是一个导管， 从肺中滤出。 因此，它的性质对 了解如何维持正常的体液平衡， 肺水肿的发病机制。 一些机械森林可能有一个 在确定肺间质液压力中的重要作用。 这些力包括作用在肺泡壁上的肺泡表面张力， 由流体在流体中流动产生的粘性力。 这 一个项目将更精确地量化这些力量， 了解肺水肿形成的机制。 这是 最好通过分析和实验相结合的方法来完成。 我们 已经开发出一种方法， 硅橡胶之间固定的氚。 这种方法使我们 为了研究氚周围的压力-流量特性， 更大的肺血管，并确定液压阻力和 间质组织的厚度。 连续体原理 力学被应用于量化边界之间的关系， 力和间隙压力。 渗透性材料的达西定律 用于量化间质组织的流体性质。 现在，我们建议研究的水力阻力的氚， 蛋白质、葡聚糖和其他大分子的大量流动。 我们希望 将流体粘度的影响与渗透率的影响分开。 我们将研究白蛋白和右旋糖酐浓度对 间隙电导率 由于糖胺聚糖、透明质酸 和硫酸乙酰肝素，是铯的主要成分，我们将 研究透明质酸酶和乙酰肝素酶对间质细胞增殖的影响， 电导率 我们最近表明，肺泡液体压力是一个 测量小静脉周围间质压的良好方法。 我们会研究 非水肿性肺水肿患者肺泡液体压力与肺容量的关系 以及煤油和油洗的充满空气的肺部来确定 肺泡液体压力与肺泡表面的关系 张力 我们发现肺表面的速度 波与纵波和横波直接相关。 这些波 速度是肺实质的体积模量和剪切模量的函数 和肺的密度。 我们将测试 表面波速度和肺密度的变化所带来的变化， 血管体积和间质水肿。 这是一种潜在的方法， 原位测量肺水肿形成的顺序。

The pulmonary interstitium is a duct which serves to drain microvascular filtrate from the lung. Thus its properties are important to the understanding of how normal fluid balance is maintained and of the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema. Several mechanical fores may have an important role in determining pulmonary interstitial fluid pressure. Such forces include alveolar surface tension acting on alveolar walls and viscous forces arising from fluid flow within the interstitium. This project will quantify these forces more precisely in an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying pulmonary edema formation. This is best accomplished by a combined analytical and experimental approach. We have developed a method of isolating a short length of pulmonary interstitium held fixed between silicon rubber. This method allowed us to study the pressure-flow behavior of the interstitium surrounding larger pulmonary vessels, and to determine the hydraulic resistance and thickness of the interstitial tissue. The principles of continuum solid mechanics were applied to quantify the relationship between boundary forces and interstitial pressure. Darcy's law for a permeable material was used to quantify the fluid properties of the interstitial tissue. Now we propose to study the hydraulic resistance of the interstitium to the bulk flow of protein, dextran and other macromolecules. We wi sh to separate the effects of fluid viscosity from the effects of permeability. We will study the effects of albumin and dextran concentration on interstitial conductivity. Since the glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid and heparan sulphate, are major constituents of interstitium, we will study the effects of hyaluronidase and heparanase on interstitial conductivity. We have recently shown that alveolar liquid pressure is a good measure of perivenular interstitial pressure. We will study the relationship of alveolar liquid pressure and lung volume in nonedematous and kerosene and oil-washed air-filled lungs to determine the relationship between alveolar liquid pressure and alveolar surface tension. Isolated sheet lungs we found that the velocities of surface waves are directly related to longitudinal and shear waves. These wave velocities are functions of the bulk and shear moduli of lung parenchyma and the density of the lung. We will test the relationship between the velocities of surface waves and lung density brought about by changes in vascular volume and interstitial edema. This is a potential method for measuring the sequence of pulmonary edema formation in situ.