POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: A RISK FACTOR FOR INFANTS?

有证据表明，在早期没有反应和不敏感的护理 婴儿期与社交和认知方面的障碍有关 发展。以悲伤为特征的母性抑郁症， 性格孤僻和易怒似乎会影响育儿。 并使年幼的儿童面临发育风险。妇女的婴儿 产后抑郁的人可能特别容易受到伤害，因为 婴儿期被视为儿童心理健康发展的关键时期。 母婴关系与掌握母婴关系的动机 环境。依恋理论预测患有这种疾病的婴儿 抑郁的母亲将不那么安全地依恋，也不那么投入 与环境的关系。然而，还没有研究检查过 儿童依恋或掌握动机的影响因素 抑郁的母亲。 我们目前正在进行一项纵向研究，以研究 产后抑郁症对母婴发育的影响 两性关系。中产阶级，已婚，初产的女性 产后抑郁症诊断标准的研究 在人口统计变量上匹配的时期与非抑郁 女人。妇女和她们的婴儿在2、4和6个月时被观察 在社交互动期间。持续时间、进程和严重程度 母亲的抑郁也被评估。我们寻求持续的资金 遵循我们的样本，以评估掌握动机和 12个月时的依恋质量。我们期望提早交货的质量 母婴相互作用与母婴关系的严重程度和持续时间 抑郁对婴儿依恋质量的预测作用 母亲，以奇怪的情况下的行为为索引，以及 掌握动力，以坚持不懈和兴趣为指标 新奇的玩具。 也有人认为产后期是 患抑郁症的风险增加，有既往病史的女性 产后抑郁症的发作将更有可能经历 在随后怀孕之后的另一段插曲。我们计划跟随 我们的样本通过第二个孩子的出生，以便 前瞻性地审视这些问题。我们还将观察 母婴与第一胎和第二胎相互作用的质量 将母亲作为自己的对照，并考虑到 同时也有情绪和儿童特征。最后，我们将追踪 母性抑郁的病程及第一次抑郁的调适 儿童从蹒跚学步到学龄前几年。

Evidence indicates that unresponsive and insensitive care in early infancy is associated with impairments in social and cognitive development. Maternal depression, characterized by sadness, withdrawal, and irritability, appears to interfere with mothering and place young children at developmental risk. Infants of women who are depressed postpartum may be especially vulnerable, since infancy is seen as a crucial time for the development of the mother-infant relationship and the motivation to master the environment. Attachment theory predicts that infants with depressed mothers will be less securely attached and less engaged with the environment. However, no studies have examined the antecedents of attachment or mastery motivation in infants of depressed mothers. We are currently engaged in a longitudinal study to examine the impact of postpartum depression on the developing mother-infant relationship. Middle-class, married, primiparous women who meet Research Diagnostic Criteria for Depression in the postpartum period are matched on demographic variables with non-depressed women. Women and their infants are observed at 2, 4, and 6 months during social interaction. The duration, course, and severity of maternal depression are also assessed. We seek continued funding to follow our sample in order to assess mastery motivation and quality of attachment at 12 months. We expect the quality of early mother-infant interaction and the severity and duration of maternal depression to predict the quality of the infants attachment to mother, as indexed by behavior in the Strange Situation, and mastery motivation, as indexed by persistence with and interest in novel toys. It also has been assumed that the postpartum period is a time of increased risk for depression and that women with a previous episode of postpartum depression will be more likely to experience another episode after a subsequence pregnancy. We plan to follow our sample through the birth of the second child, in order to examine these issues prospectively. We will also observe the quality of mother-infant interaction with first borns and second borns, using mothers as their own controls, and taking into account concurrent mood and child characteristics. Finally, we will track the course of maternal depression and the adjustment of the first child through toddlerhood and the early preschool years.