MOTOR CONTROL

对脊椎动物运动控制的研究将涉及 前庭脊髓反射，起源于颈部感受器并作用于 四肢或身体，并与上颈椎节段的组织。 前庭脊髓工作的一个主要目标是研究神经回路 潜在的有意义的功能反射 复杂，以及短的延迟， 迷路和前肢运动神经元之间的通路将被研究， 通过电刺激或正弦刺激激活前庭传入 极化 前庭神经元向前肢投射的行为 节段和这些节段中的中间神经元响应于这样的刺激将 通过单细胞记录进行检查。 我们将努力确定，通过 尖峰触发的平均，是否兴奋的中间神经元项目的运动神经元。 研究颈肌和前肢肌的耳石反射动力学 用电脑控制的倾斜台;肌电图和单个脑干神经元活动 将被记录。 第二个项目的目标是研究 潜在的颈部反射 我们将通过观察 脊髓神经元上的近端和远端颈传入的激活。 我们将 从运动神经元和中间神经元细胞内和细胞外记录 分别位于前肢节段。 前庭颈会聚 将审查投入。 在第三个项目中，我们将使用电生理学 研究上颈椎组织的某些方面的技术 片段 通过细胞内记录，我们将研究 颈关节区域的传入神经对颈运动神经元的影响。 我们还将 调查来自梭形初级肌传入神经的分歧;许多颈部肌肉 来自几个脊髓节段，我们将测试其有效性， 一个节段的传入神经对同一节段和其他节段的运动神经元的影响。

Investigations on vertebrate motor control will be concerned with vestibulospinal reflexes, with originating in neck receptors and acting on the limbs or body, and with the organization of the upper cervical spinal segments. A principal goal of the vestibulospinal work will be to study neural circuitry underlying functionally meaningful reflexes. Complex, as well as short latency, pathways between labyrinth and forelimb motoneurons will be studied by activating vestibular afferents by electric stimuli or by sinusoidal polarization. The behavior of vestibular neurons projecting to the forelimb segments and of interneurons in these segments in response to such stimuli will be examined by single-cell recording. We will try to determine, by spike-triggered averaging, whether excited interneurons project to motoneurons. The dynamics of otolith reflexes of neck and forelimb muscles will be studies with a computer-controlled tilt table; EMG and single brainstem neuron activity will be recorded. In the second project the goal is to study the circuitry underlying neck reflexes. We will do this by looking at the effect of activation of proximal, and distal, neck afferents on spinal neurons. We will record intracellularly and extracellularly from motoneurons and interneurons respectively in the forelimb segments. Convergence between vestibular and neck input will be examined. In the third project we will use electrophysiological techniques to study some aspects of the organization of the upper cervical segments. With intracellular recording we will study the reflex effects of afferents in the region of the neck joints on neck motoneurons. We will also investigate divergence of afferents from spindle primaries; many neck muscles are innervated from several spinal segments and we will test the effectiveness of afferents in one segment on motoneurons in the same and other segments.