DISCRIMINATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF AUDITORY PATTERNS

听觉模式的辨别和识别

• 批准号: 3401049
• 负责人: CHARLES S WATSON
• 金额: $ 9.56万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-08-01 至 1987-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3401049
• 关键词: attention; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory stimulus; ear disorder diagnosis; hearing disorders; human subject; language disorders; learning disorders; magnetic recording system; psychoacoustics; reading disorder; sequential perception; sound frequency; speech; vocalization

This project continues a series of experiments on the discrimination and identification of complex auditory patterns. The general purpose of this work is to determine the limits of human listeners' abilities to extract information from complex sounds, including especially those with temporal and spectral properties approximating speech. Experiments use criterion-controlled psychophysical methods in which listeners are trained until approaching asymptotic performance in various discrimination and identification tasks. Individual phoneme-length tonal components of word-length patterns can be resolved essentially as accurately as when those components are presented in isolation, but only when minimal-uncertainty testing procedures permit listeners to focus on a specific component. Under higher levels of stimulus uncertainty certain restricted spectral-temporal regions of the patterns (late, high-frequency components) are still resolved accurately, while most others are not. Measurements include: The spectral and temporal range of selective auditory attention, the time course of auditory perceptual learning, the manner in which gross properties of patterns can serve as cues to selectively attend to specific temporal components, informational limits on pattern discrimination, and listeners' abilities to learn to attend to multiple components within single patterns and to identify small "vocabularies" of patterns. The scope of this work is now being increased to include studies of individual differences in auditory pattern discrimination abilities among normal and impaired listeners, and in populations with certain language-related disabilities. Auditory patterns consisting of sequences of sounds synthesized to incorporate the source and resonant properties of the human vocal tract will also be investigated. The theoretical significance of the overall series of experiments is that it provides a link between auditory theories based on human listeners' abilities to detect and discriminate among isolated tones and theories of speech perception. This work has practical significance for impaired listeners, for whom sensitivity measures alone have been inadequate predictors of the help to be expected from hearing aids. Finally, use of a newly designed auditory discrimination test battery with learning and language-disordered listeners may help to resolve the issue of the possible auditory component in those disorders.

该项目继续进行一系列关于歧视和 识别复杂的听觉模式。 这件事的总体目的是 这项工作的目的是确定人类听众的能力极限， 从复杂的声音，包括特别是那些与时间的信息 和近似语音的频谱特性。 实验使用 一种标准控制的心理物理学方法，用于训练听众 直到在各种区分中接近渐进性能， 识别任务。 单个音素长度的音调成分 字长模式基本上可以像 这些组成部分是单独提出的，但只有当 最小不确定性测试程序允许听众专注于 具体组成部分。 在更高水平的刺激不确定性下， 模式的有限频谱-时间区域（晚期，高频 组件）仍然可以准确地解决，而大多数其他组件则不能。 测量包括：光谱和时间范围的选择性 听觉注意，听觉知觉学习的时程，听觉注意，听觉注意，听觉知觉学习的时程 模式的总体属性可以作为线索的方式， 选择性地参加特定的时间组成部分，信息限制， 模式识别，以及听众学习注意的能力 单一模式中的多个组件，并识别小 模式的“词汇表”。 这项工作的范围正在扩大 包括研究听觉模式的个体差异， 正常和受损的听众之间的辨别能力， 有语言障碍的人群。 听觉模式 由一系列合成的声音组成， 还将研究人类声道的共振特性。 整个系列实验的理论意义在于， 它提供了一个基于人类听众的听觉理论之间的联系， 能够检测和区分孤立的音调， 言语知觉 本文的研究对残疾人的康复具有现实意义 听众，对他们来说，仅仅采取敏感措施是不够的， 助听器的使用方法有哪些？ 最后，使用A 新设计的听觉辨别成套测验， 语言障碍的听众可能有助于解决可能的问题， 听觉成分的影响