PERIMENOPAUSE: SLEEP AND BREATHING PATTERNS

这项横断面研究的目的是调查特征 45名有症状的和15名无症状的围绝经期妇女(年龄)的睡眠质量 45-55岁)、15名绝经前妇女(45-55岁)和15名绝经后妇女 女性(50-60岁)。 心理正常的受试者，在理想身体的15%以内 体重，不服用雌激素、失眠或抑郁症药物治疗，无 吸烟者，并且没有重大身体或精神疾病史的人会 连续两个晚上在实验室睡觉，一个晚上是为了适应和 一个是测量用的。报告了围绝经期的选择标准 月经周期改变，包括闭经不超过2年 病程、卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平升高和/或报告 失眠、潮热或抑郁症状。这些标准不存在于 绝经前妇女和闭经至少八年为特征 绝经后组。 主要目的是1)描述和比较睡眠模式，包括 潜伏期至入睡，睡眠碎片化，唤醒睡眠结构； 2)描述24小时体温节律；3)确定 潮热和周期性呼吸(呼吸暂停和低呼吸)及其影响 4)测定血浆卵巢类固醇激素是否 与睡眠障碍、周期性呼吸或抑郁有关；以及 5)确定抑郁症状之间的关系，报道 失眠、潮热和睡眠障碍。 睡眠将由EEG、EOG和EMG使用标准化程序进行监测； 阶段性呼吸异常伴阻抗气体造影，鼻腔和 口腔热敏电阻.带直肠动态监测的体温 温度；使用皮肤热敏电阻和电阻电极的热潮； 用血清放射免疫测定法测定荷尔蒙；抑郁症与两次面谈观察者 评定量表；更年期症状和自我报告工具。数据 分析将针对确定睡眠与睡眠之间的差异 有症状和无症状的围绝经期妇女和 绝经前和绝经后状态。此外，关联性测试 变量之间的关系将完成：包括关联 有睡眠模式的潮热和周期性呼吸；激素水平 睡眠模式、周期性呼吸和抑郁；以及 睡眠模式紊乱。

The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to investigate characteristics of sleep in 45 symptomatic and 15 asymptomatic perimenopausal women (ages 45-55 years), 15 premenopausal women (45-55 years) and 15 postmenopausal women (50-60 years). Subjects who are psychologically normative, within 15% of ideal body weight, not taking estrogen, insomnia or depression drug therapy, non smokers, and with have no history of major physical or mental illness will sleep in a laboratory for two consecutive nights, one for adjustment and one for measurement. Selection criteria for perimenopause are reported menstrual cycle changes, including amenorrhea of not more than 2 years duration, elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level and/or reported insomnia, hot flash or depressive symptoms. These criteria are absent in premenopausal women and amenorrhea of at least eight years characterizes the postmenopausal group. The major aims are to 1) describe and compare sleep patterns including latency to sleep onset, sleep fragmentation, arousals an sleep structure; 2) describe 24 hour body temperature rhythms; 3) determine the incidence of hot flashes and periodic breathing (apneas and hypopneas) and their effect on sleep; 4) determine whether plasma ovarian steroid hormones are associated with sleep disturbances, periodic breathing or depression; and 5) determine the relationships between symptoms of depression, reported insomnia, hot flashes and disturbed sleep. Sleep will be monitored by EEG, EOG, and EMG using standardized procedures; periodic abnormal breathing with impedence pneumography, and nasal and buccal thermistors; body temperature with ambulatory monitoring of rectal temperature; hot flashes with a skin thermistor and resistance electrodes; hormones by serum radioimmunoassay; depression with two interview-observer rating scales; and menopausal symptoms with a self-report instrument. Data analysis will be directed to determining differences in sleep between symptomatic and asymptomatic perimenopausal women and women with premenopausal and postmenopausal status. In addition, tests of association between the variables will be done: including relating the frequency of hot flashes and periodic breathing with sleep patterns; hormone levels with sleep patterns, periodic breathing, and depression; and symptoms with disturbed sleep patterns.