IMMUNE SYSTEM HORMONES AS PITUITARY RELEASING FACTORS

垂体激素的释放是由下丘脑神经和 体液输入以及来自目标语的负或正反馈信号 纸巾。免疫系统是脑下垂体的靶组织。 最近的研究表明，白介素蛋白和胸腺激素可能 在下丘脑-脑垂体轴上发出反馈信号。目标是 这项研究的拨款申请是为了鉴定新的胸腺肽 刺激垂体腺分泌催乳素和生长激素， 并探讨白介素6(IL-6)对垂体的影响。 荷尔蒙释放。 新生儿胸腺切除和先天性胸腺缺失是条件 这会导致脑下垂体前叶的形态改变。 因为据报道，在无性恋者的血清中催乳素和生长激素减少 动物，我们建议培养胸腺气孔元件，其中包含 激素分泌细胞，并从这些细胞制剂中分离出来 刺激催乳素和生长激素释放的多肽。一旦与世隔绝，我们 将研究由这些分子激活的信号转导通路(S) 脑下垂体前叶的胸腺肽。胸腺肽调节 催乳素和生长激素的释放可能影响免疫发生，因为两者 其中，脑下垂体激素能刺激免疫细胞的功能。 淋巴细胞对抗原的反应释放的白介素类蛋白 改变免疫发生的进程。最近，这些蛋白质已经被 与调节脑下垂体激素分泌有关。我们的 初步研究表明，IL-6是一种具有多种营养作用的细胞因子 活动，刺激催乳素和生长激素的释放。我们建议 研究这种刺激和信号传递的特异性 转导通路(S)应用于垂体前叶。由于IL-6 在低浓度(PM)下，我们假设它是在 脑下垂体起自分泌和/或旁分泌因子的作用。我们将分析 垂体腺细胞条件培养液对IL-6活性的影响及分离纯化 单位重力离心法测定脑垂体细胞亚群 确定产生IL-6的细胞类型(S)。心脏病患者 粘液瘤和宫颈癌产生一种类似IL-6的因子； 与自身抗体的产生有关。自构成以来 IL-6的产生可能是诱导自身免疫的原因 状态，通过这种方式刺激免疫增强的垂体激素 我们需要承认这一点。

The release of pituitary hormones is regulated by hypothalamic neural and humoral input and also by negative or positive feedback signals from target tissues. The immune system is a target tissue of the pituitary gland. Recent studies have shown that interleukin proteins and thymic hormones may act a feedback signal at the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis. The objective of this research grant application is to identify novel thymic peptides that stimulate the release of prolactin and GH from the anterior pituitary, and to investigate the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) upon pituitary hormone release. Neonatal thymectomy and congenital absence of the thymus are conditions that result in morphological alterations of the anterior pituitary gland. Since reductions in prolactin and GH are reported in the serum of athymic animals, we propose to culture the thymic stomal elements, which contain the hormone-secreting cells, and isolate from these cell preparations peptides that stimulate the release of prolactin and GH. Once isolated, we will investigate the signalling transduction pathway(s) activated by these thymic peptides in the anterior pituitary gland. Thymic peptide regulation of prolactin and GH release may act to affect immunogenesis, because both of these pituitary hormones stimulate immunocyte functioning. Interleukin proteins released by lymphoid cells in response to antigen alter the course of immunogenesis. Recently, these proteins have been implicated in the regulation of pituitary hormone secretion. Our preliminary studies show that IL-6, a cytokine with pleiotrophic activities, stimulate the release of prolactin and GH. We propose to investigate the specificity of this stimulation and the signalling transduction pathway(s) employed in the anterior pituitary. Since IL-6 acts in low concentration (pM), we hypothesize that it is produced in the pituitary and acts as a autocrine and/or paracrine factor. We will analyze pituitary cell conditioned medium for IL-6 activity and isolate enriched subpopulations of pituitary cells using unit gravity centrifugation to determine the cess type(s) that produces IL-6. Patients with cardiac myxoma and cervical carcinoma produce an IL-6 like factor; these conditions are associated with the production of autoantibodies. Since constitutive production of IL-6 may be responsible for the induction of an autoimmune state, the stimulation of immunopotentiating pituitary hormones by this interleukin needs to be acknowledged.