Fire Spread from Mass Timber Buildings

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There is substantial evidence that construction with combustible linings present a higher external fire spread hazard than conventional buildings. Now that architects and engineers are seeking to use this material on an ever-larger scale, it is necessary to quantify the relevant hazards, and take steps to mitigate the potential risks.The external flame from a fire is the key parameter that effect the potential for vertical and horizontal fire spread. The characteristics of this flame are controlled by the excess fuel factor. It is known that where timber linings are provided in a compartment, the excess fuel factor can be substantially affected. This research project will quantify the impact of timber linings on the excess fuel factors, and then conduct a parametric study to investigate how this affects the heat to adjacent areas, and upper levels of a building.Specifically, a series of fire tests will be conducted that will measure the burning behaviour within a medium-scale room (of the order of 1m) - these tests will be used to quantify the excess fuel factor for a range of conditions. An experimental compartment with propane burners will be used to conduct a highly repeatable parametric study of the heat flux that results from different excess fuel factors.The project will conclude with a series of workshops (in association with BRE and the Standing Committee on Structural Safety) to disseminate the findings to a wide industry audience. The work will lead to guidance for engineers and regulators to help them decide how best to prevent fire spread between buildings.