Centre of Excellence for Hybrid Thermal Propulsion Systems

支持电动汽车（EV）广泛采用所需的投资（发电，输电和充电基础设施）规模巨大。这一点，再加上与车队周转和消费者接受和采用新技术相关的自然延迟，表明向主要由电网供电的电动汽车车队的过渡将是渐进的，而且往往受到基础设施的限制。这一繁荣伙伴关系提出了一条全新的、更快的全车队电气化路线。我们建议开发一种热推进系统（TPS），该系统与匹配的混合能源回收系统相结合，能够以与从电网向车辆输入电力相同或更低的经济和环境成本从能量密集的液体燃料为电动汽车提供动力。通过利用全球建立的具有成熟能力的加油网络，该合作伙伴关系将提供的TPS技术将使零排放电动汽车的广泛采用领先于电网依赖型电池电动汽车（BEV）和氢燃料电池电动汽车（FCEV）所需的基础设施开发。这将减轻英国发电能力和配电网络的负担，因为BEV和FCEV的使用量增加，为电网和充电基础设施的开发提供了宝贵的时间，同时在电网的可再生能源投入较低的时候提供了低碳运输的选择。这项工作对英国的制造业具有重大的国家意义。这项研究将保护TPS的作用，以及英国成熟的发动机制造专业知识，在汽车市场快速增长的低排放汽车领域。英国政府预测，到2030年，这些低排放汽车的全球市场每年价值1.0-2.0万亿英镑，到2050年每年价值3.6-7.6万亿英镑。英国的汽车供应链作为一个整体将受益于世界领先的技术，这一伙伴关系旨在提供.这一伙伴关系结合了行业知识，捷豹路虎（JLR）的设计和制造资源，与英国的两个领先的TPS研究小组的学术专长.牛津大学在光学诊断的发展和缸内现象的研究方面处于世界领先地位：喷雾，燃烧和排放。巴斯大学在空气处理、废热回收以及车辆动力系统的系统级分析和建模方面也同样是专家。研究分为相互关联的“重大挑战”。捷豹路虎将领导TPS概念设计和评估。牛津大学将对混合、点火、燃烧和排放物形成进行基础实验研究，这些研究是在与以混合动力为重点的TPS操作相关的极端稀燃和高度稀释条件下进行的。这些实验的数据将在牛津大学用于开发和验证新的预测模型，反过来，这些模型将反馈到捷豹路虎的概念设计过程和巴斯大学的系统模型中。牛津大学还将为实验开发新的和改进的测量工具和方法。巴斯大学将研究低级和高级热回收，空气处理和增压系统-演示和评估原型多缸TPS的概念，并反馈到JLR的概念设计过程中。巴斯还将在混合动力系统中对TPS系统进行广泛的系统和车辆建模（使用根据牛津数据验证的模型），以优化系统级能量平衡，并在虚拟环境中演示目标系统级能量回收。

The scale of the investment (in power generation, transmission and charging infrastructure) that is required to support the widespread adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is massive. This, combined with natural delays associated with fleet turnover and consumer acceptance and adoption of new technology, suggests that the transition to a predominantly grid-supplied EV fleet will be gradual and often infrastructure-limited. This Prosperity Partnership proposes a new and faster route to full fleet electrification. We propose to develop a Thermal Propulsion System (TPS) that, combined with a matched hybrid energy recovery system, will be capable of powering an EV from an energy dense liquid fuel at the same or lower economic and environmental cost than would be incurred by importing electricity to the vehicle from the grid. By utilising a globally established refuelling network of proven capacity, the TPS technology that will be delivered by this partnership will enable the widespread adoption of zero-emissions capable, electrically driven, vehicles ahead of the required infrastructure developments of the grid-dependent Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and the hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV). This will lighten the burden on the UK's electricity generating capacity and distribution network as BEV and FCEV usage increases, allowing valuable time for the required development of grid and charging infrastructures while simultaneously providing an option for low carbon transport at times of low renewable input to the grid. This work is of substantial national importance to the UK's manufacturing sector. The research will protect the role of the TPS, and the UK's well-established engine manufacturing expertise, within the rapidly growing low-emission vehicle sector of the automotive market. The UK government predict that the global market for these low-emissions vehicles could be worth £1.0-2.0 trillion per year by 2030, and £3.6-7.6 trillion per year by 2050. The UK's automotive supply chain as a whole would benefit from the world leading technology that this Partnership seeks to provide.This Partnership combines the industry knowledge, design and manufacturing resources of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), with the academic expertise of two of the UK's leading TPS research groups. The University of Oxford are world-leaders in the development of optical diagnostics and the study of in-cylinder phenomena: sprays, combustion and emissions. The University of Bath are similarly expert in the study of air handling, waste heat recovery and the systems-level analysis and modelling of vehicle powertrain. The research is divided into interrelated "Grand Challenges". Jaguar Land Rover will lead the TPS concept design and evaluation. The University of Oxford will perform fundamental experimental studies on mixing, ignition, combustion and emissions formation under extreme lean-burn and highly dilute conditions relevant to hybrid-focused TPS operation. The data from these experiments will be used at Oxford to develop and validate new predictive models that, in turn, will feed back into concept design process at JLR and systems models at the University of Bath. Oxford will also develop new and improved measurement tools and methods for the experiments. The University of Bath will investigate low-grade and high-grade heat recovery, air-handling and boosting systems--demonstrating and evaluating concepts on a prototype multi-cylinder TPS and feeding back in to JLR's concept design process. Bath will also perform extensive systems and vehicle modelling of the TPS system (using models validated against Oxford's data) in a hybrid powertrain to optimise system-level energy balance and demonstrate the target systems-level energy recovery in a virtual environment.