PARAVENTRICULAR HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL OF AUTONOMIC NEURON

自主神经元的室旁下丘脑控制

• 批准号: 3406879
• 负责人: DOUGLAS O NELSON
• 金额: $ 1.83万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-04-01 至 1988-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3406879
• 关键词: afferent nerve; blood pressure; dorsal motor nucleus; electrophysiology; heart rate; histology; hypertension; laboratory rat; medulla oblongata; neural information processing; neuropharmacology; neurophysiology; neurotransmitters; oxytocin; parasympathetic nervous system; paraventricular nucleus; preganglionic fiber; solitary tract nucleus; spinal cord; spinal nerves; spontaneous hypertensive rat; sympathetic nervous system; synapses; vasopressins

The importance of the hypothalamus in regulating normal arterial pressure has been established by a number of investigations. Recent studies have implicated altered hypothalamic neuronal function in some forms of hypertension. However, the precise nature of hypothalamic control of arterial pressure has not been clearly established. Recent advances in neuroanatomical tracing techniques suggest that the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) may play a major role in central cardiovascular regulation through descending projections to the medulla and spinal cord. These include, among others, mono-synaptic projections to (1) the intermediolateral cell column (IML), the site of preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the spinal cord, (2) the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV), and (3) the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), the site of primary cardiovascular afferent termination. The objectives are to begin a neurophysiological and pharmacological description of the function of descending projections from the PVN in controlling arterial pressure by using several neurophysiological techniques. Initial studies will characterize the effects of stimulation and lesion of the PVN on arterial pressure and heart rate in rats. To further understand this system, the influence of PVN stimulation on the activity of identified IML, DMNV, and NTS neurons showing putative cardiovascular-related activity will be examined. These experiments will be combined with the microinjections and micropressure application of putative neurotransmitters suspected to comprise the descending pathways from the PVN, particularly vasopressin and oxytocin. These two transmitters are thought to comprise a major portion of the descending projections to the medulla and spinal cord. Intracellular recording studies will be conducted to elucidate the postsynaptic effects of these transmitters and the nature of synaptic input from PVN to cells in these regions. The objective of this and succeeding studies is to elucidate the effects of hypothalamic projections upon sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons, and other medullary neurons involved in central neural regulation of arterial pressure.

下丘脑在调节正常动脉压的重要性 已经由许多调查建立。 最近的研究 与某些形式的下丘脑神经元功能有关的改变了下丘脑神经元功能 高血压。 但是，下丘脑控制的确切性质 动脉压还没有明确确定。 最近的进步 神经解剖学示踪技术表明阶室核 （PVN）可以通过中央心血管调节发挥重要作用 对髓质和脊髓的下降预测。 这些包括， 除其他外，一单突触投影对（1）中间外侧细胞 列（IML），脊柱中的前交感神经元的位点 （2）迷走神经的背运动核（DMNV）和（3）核 Tractus Solitarus（NTS），主要心血管传入的地点 终止。 目标是开始神经生理学和 从 通过使用多个控制动脉压的PVN 神经生理技术。 初步研究将表征 PVN刺激和病变对动脉压和心脏的影响 大鼠的速率。 为了进一步了解该系统，PVN的影响 刺激已鉴定的IML，DMNV和NTS神经元的活性 将检查表现出推定的心血管相关活性。 这些 实验将与显微注射和微压合并 涉嫌构成的推定神经递质的应用 来自PVN的途径，特别是加压素和催产素。 人们认为这两个发射器包括 对髓质和脊髓的下降预测。 细胞内 将进行记录研究以阐明突触后效应 这些发射器以及从PVN到细胞中突触输入的性质 这些地区。 此目的和随后的研究是 阐明下丘脑投影对交感神经和 副交感神经前神经元和其他髓质神经元涉及 在中央神经调节动脉压。