UGP: Unified Global Poverty: An Absolute and Relative Cost of Basic Needs Framework

消除贫困是联合国可持续发展目标的旗舰。然而，官方的全球绝对贫困估计是基于世界银行的标准每日美元方法，该方法没有达到绝对贫困衡量的主要目标：跟踪一段时间和不同国家的恒定生活水平。世界银行全球贫困委员会--含蓄地认识到这一缺点--建议基本需要成本法，这种方法不受标准方法的缺点影响。全球贫困统一项目的目标是：(A)通过在全球范围内实施《联合国哥本哈根宣言》中已经得到国际认可和描述的绝对贫困定义(连同参考膳食、针对人口的营养目标、误差核算微观模拟和线性规划等方法学组成部分，以及汇编2000-2020年全球价格序列)，编制全球贫困统计数据；(B)在这一框架内统一贫穷的绝对和相对方面，从而避免经济发达程度较高和较不发达国家之间的方法不连续；(C)最大限度地提高全球贫穷统计数据的政策相关性。在2030年可持续发展目标截止日期之前制定这一衡量框架，并与联合国赤贫与人权问题特别报告员一起进行部门间借调，对于最大限度地发挥其影响至关重要。

Poverty eradication is the flagship of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, official global absolute poverty estimates are based on the standard World Bank dollar-a-day approach, which falls short in the prime objective of absolute poverty measurement: tracking a constant standard of living over time and across countries. The World Bank's Commission on Global Poverty -implicitly recognizing this shortcoming- recommends the Cost of Basic Needs method, which is immune to the drawback of the standard approach.The objectives of the Unified Global Poverty project are to: (a) produce global poverty statistics via the operationalization on a global scale of an absolute poverty definition that is already internationally ratified and described in the United Nations Copenhagen Declaration (together with methodological components such as reference diets, population tailored nutritional targets, error-accounting microsimulations and linear programming, and by assembling global price series, 2000-2020); (b) unify the absolute and relative aspects of poverty within that framework, thereby avoiding the methodological discontinuity between more and less economically developed countries; (c) maximize policy relevance of global poverty statistics.Estimates of global poverty influence the priorities of (inter)national aid agencies and this research has substantial potential to better guide their funding decisions, consequently helping to improve the lives of millions. Developing this measurement framework well in advance of the Sustainable Development Goals deadline in 2030, and in combination with an intersectoral secondment alongside the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights, will be crucial to maximize its impact.