Vernacular Culture and Greek Texts in the Renaissance: from Florence to Europe (VerGreeR)

中世纪以后，西方对希腊文本的重新发现始于14世纪末的佛罗伦萨。在接下来的两个世纪里，对整个希腊知识传统的接受和翻译塑造了所有知识领域的现代欧洲思想。该项目将对15世纪下半叶在佛罗伦萨产生的希腊文本的白话翻译进行第一次全面调查。当时，著名的新柏拉图主义哲学家马西利奥·菲奇诺(Marsilio Ficino，1433-1499年)在这座城市提供了知识领导，并在向白话读者传播希腊文本方面发挥了至关重要的作用。该项目最初对这一特定背景的关注将发展成为文艺复兴时期欧洲对希腊文本的本土化接受的跨学科、跨国历史：佛罗伦萨文译本将与后来将同一作品翻译成其他欧洲白话语言的15世纪和16世纪版本进行比较。通过对广泛的主要资料来源(手稿、早期印刷品、档案材料)的直接分析，该项目将解决以下问题：谁是这些白话化的专员、作者、抄写员和读者？他们采用了什么样的语言策略和翻译方法？将整合不同学科(如文本研究、书史、翻译研究)形成的研究框架和方法，以帮助制定适当的分析回应。该项目旨在深入了解对欧洲发展共同文化至关重要的社会文学现象背后的过程。因此，该项目将有助于当前学术、教育和机构背景下的辩论，即欧洲文化根源和共同价值观是如何建立在随着时间的推移吸收的不同影响之上的，以及它们如何仍然有助于发展欧洲的归属感。

After the Middle Ages, the Western rediscovery of Greek texts began in Florence in the late fourteenth century. Over the next two centuries the reception and translation of the entire Greek intellectual tradition shaped modern European thought in all field of knowledge. This project will conduct the first comprehensive investigation into vernacular translations of Greek texts produced in Florence during the second half of the fifteenth century. At that time, the famous Neoplatonic philosopher Marsilio Ficino (1433-1499) provided intellectual leadership in the city, and played an essential role in the dissemination of Greek texts to a vernacular readership. The project's initial focus on this specific context will develop into an interdisciplinary, transnational history of the vernacular reception of Greek texts in Renaissance Europe: Florentine translations will be compared with subsequent fifteenth and sixteenth-century versions of the same works into other European vernacular languages. Through the direct analysis of a wide range of primary sources (manuscripts, early prints, archival materials), the project will address the following questions: who were the commissioners,authors, scribes, and readers of these vernacularizations? What kind of linguistic strategies and translation methods were adopted? Research frameworks and methods forged by various disciplines (e.g. textual studies, the history of the book, translation studies) will be integrated to help formulate an appropriate analytical response. The project aims to provide a deep understanding of the processes lying beneath a socio-literary phenomenon of primary importance for the development of a common culture in Europe. The project will therefore contribute to current debates in academic, educational, and institutional contexts about how European cultural roots and common values were built upon different influences absorbed over time, and how they can still help develop a European sense of belonging.