Osteobiographical investigation of disability and care in Medieval Europe (B-CARED)

中世纪欧洲残疾和护理的骨传学调查 (B-CARED)

• 批准号: EP/X024512/1
• 负责人: John Robb
• 金额: $ 24.26万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX024512%2F1
• 关键词: Osteobiographical; investigation; disability; care; Medieval

The bioarchaeological characterization of disabled individuals from the past is particularly challenging because it pushes the boundaries of the interpretation of pathologies recognisable on human remains. B-CARED will investigate the bioarchaeological approaches for recreating "Past to life". In so doing, the osteobiographical approach offers a possible framework, in which human remains are used to understand not only the embodied experience during life but also seeing people as playing diverse social roles (e.g. patient, healer, doctor, carer) at different times during life. Considering the meaning of disease, methods of treatment and, quite possibly, caregiving customs, Medieval times is an ideal period given the amount of written documentation available. B-CARED has two aims: (1) to use the osteobiographical approach to explore a life narrative of a person in need of care, and (2) to contextualize the impact of disability on individuals and the people around them through the theoretical lens. To identify aspects of an osteobiographical life narrative B-CARED will focus on contexts, genetics, health status via palaeopathological assessment (gross morphology and where possible aDNA of pathogens), diet and mobility via isotopic analyses, biomechanical stress related to occupational activities and death ways. It has a realistic workplan divided into steps that go through the multi-layered osteobiographical investigation. The steps to obtain information for the first aim will permit reconstruction of a life narrative. Then, the contextualization of the results at community level will broaden the interpretation, counteracting the invisibility of disabled persons by drawing on the abundance of skeletal information available. The Researcher will gain skills in both multidisciplinary analyses and theoretical perspectives in osteobiography

对过去残疾人的生物考古学表征特别具有挑战性，因为它推动了对人类遗骸上可识别的病理学解释的界限。B-CARED将研究生物考古学方法，以重现“过去的生活”。在这样做的过程中，骨生物学方法提供了一个可能的框架，在这个框架中，人类遗骸不仅被用来理解生命中的具体经历，而且还可以看到人们在生命的不同时期扮演着不同的社会角色（例如病人，治疗师，医生，照顾者）。考虑到疾病的意义，治疗方法，以及很可能的习俗，中世纪是一个理想的时期，因为有大量的书面文件。B-CARED有两个目标：（1）使用骨生物学方法探索需要护理的人的生活叙述，以及（2）通过理论透镜将残疾对个人及其周围人的影响置于背景中。为了识别骨生物学生活叙述的各个方面，B-CARED将重点关注背景、遗传学、通过古病理学评估（大体形态学和可能的病原体aDNA）的健康状况、通过同位素分析的饮食和活动性、与职业活动相关的生物力学应力和死亡方式。它有一个现实的工作计划，分为步骤，通过多层骨生物学调查。为第一个目标获取信息的步骤将允许重建生活叙事。然后，在社区一级对结果进行背景化处理，将扩大解释范围，通过利用现有的大量基本信息，消除残疾人的隐形现象。研究人员将获得骨生物学的多学科分析和理论观点的技能

项目成果

An unprecedented case of cranial surgery in Longobard Italy (6th-8th century) using a cruciform incision

意大利隆巴德（6-8世纪）史无前例的十字形切口开颅手术

• DOI: 10.1002/oa.3202
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Micarelli I

Multi-isotope analysis of primary and secondary dentin as a mean to broaden intra-life dietary reconstruction. A case from Longobard Italy

对初级和次级牙本质进行多同位素分析，作为扩大生活中饮食重建的手段。

• DOI: 10.1002/oa.3200
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Bernardini S

Stabbed to death: an osteobiography example of violence among Longobards (Povegliano Veronese, Italy, 6th-8th c CE)

• DOI: 10.1007/s12520-023-01742-3
• 发表时间: 2023-05-01
• 期刊: ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Zeppilli，Carlotta;Micarelli，Ileana;Tafuri，Mary Anne
• 通讯作者: Tafuri，Mary Anne

Disability and care in Western Europe during Medieval times: A bioarchaeological perspective

中世纪时期西欧的残疾和护理：生物考古学的视角

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.01.004
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: International Journal of Paleopathology
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Micarelli I