Swansea TATA Research and Innovation Prosperity Partnership for Printed Perovskite PV (STRIPS)

当前的气候危机和最近在英国召开的COP26会议为我们敲响了警钟，要求我们采取行动，迅速开发新的方式，在不需要任何化石燃料的情况下提供我们所需的能源。在英国，40%的碳排放来自供暖建筑，随着我们向电动汽车的过渡，我们将需要越来越多的电力来实现供暖和交通，而不需要碳排放。条带旨在探索近年来最令人兴奋的发现之一，钙钛矿光伏，使用相对较低的成本和简单的打印工艺部署到钢屋顶和墙壁产品上，以生产一种新型的能源生成材料，这种材料不依赖于中国的供应链。在全球范围内，太阳能光伏很可能是未来的主要能源之一，我们必须开发新的路线来提供太阳能解决方案，这种繁荣合作伙伴关系的目的是在塔塔钢铁公司内部发展英国太阳能业务，这将使英国每年生产的高达7500万平方米的包层和屋顶（其中70%在英国使用！）如果我们将这个产量的10%左右，并以15%的模块效率发挥作用，这相当于在一个太阳中产生1.7GW的电源！显然，我们需要解决太阳能发电的间歇性问题，但随着我们在建筑物中增加储能设施，并利用车辆中的储能机会，在天黑时将电力分享给建筑物，这个问题越来越容易解决。特别是这种钢铁产品将对超市、医院、学校、工厂、配送中心以及家庭的脱碳至关重要。为了说明潜力，斯旺西亚马逊配送中心实际上是一个12兆瓦的未开发太阳能资源。这可以为建筑内部的运作提供动力，也可以为每天进出中心的大多数运输车辆提供动力。这并非没有挑战，这正是塔塔钢铁公司和斯旺西大学合作的目标。我们需要开发稳定和低成本的材料，并探索如何将这些材料首先沉积到塑料或金属箔上，然后将其层压到钢板上，以制造太阳能表面。我们还将探索更大的挑战，即直接在卷涂钢上进行打印，这种打印速度可达每分钟200米，这将改变游戏规则。斯旺西大学不仅拥有专业知识来支持这一点，而且还拥有不同规模的关键试点制造设施，以分阶段实现厘米、米和公里的生产。我们将开始研究在英国的部署，并将在我们共享的一些“主动建筑”上进行试验，以解决一些寿命和稳定性问题。我们还将建立培训、技能和参与活动，以支持为新行业创造未来的劳动力，并探索如何使技术最容易地在英国家庭、公共建筑和工厂的不同情况下部署。

The current climate crisis and the recent COP26 meetings in the UK are a wake up call for action to rapidly develop new ways of delievering the energy we need without the need for any fossil fuels. In the UK 40% of carbon emissions come from heating buildings and as we transition to EVs we will need more and more electricity to enable heating and mobility to be possible without carbon emissions. STRIPS aims to explore one of the most exciting discoveries of recent years, Perovskite PV, deployed using relatively low cost and simple printing processes onto steel roofing and walling products to produce a new class of energy generating materials which are not reliant on supply chains focussed in China. Solar PV globally is likely to be one of the principal energy sources for the future and we must develop new routes to provide solar solutions and the aim of this prosperity partnership is to develop a UK solar business within TATA Steel that will enable the functionalisation of the up to 75 million square metres of cladding and roofing produced in the UK annually (of which 70% is used in the UK!). If we take around 10% of this production and functionalise with a 15% module efficiency this equates to a 1.7GW power source in one sun! Clearly we need to solve the intermittency of solar power however this is more and more soluble as we add storage to our buildings and use the storage opportunities in vehicles which can share power back to the building when it is dark. In particular this kind of steel product will be really key in decarbonising supermarkets, hospitals, schools, factories and distribution centres as well as homes. To illustrate potential the Swansea Amazon distribution centre is effectively a 12MW solar untapped solar resource. This could power the operation within the building and the majority of the the delivery vehicles that move in and out of the centre every day.This is not without challenges and that is what the partnership between TATA Steel and Swansea University aims to solve. We need to develop stable and low cost materials and explore how to deposit these first onto plastic or metal foils which can be then laminated into steel panels to create solar surfaces. We will also explore the greater challenges of printing directly onto coil coated steel which can be made at up to 200 metres per minute which is the game changer. Swansea University not only has expertise to support this but critically pilot manufacturing facilities at different scales to enable cm, metre and km production in a phased way. We will start the work looking at deployment in the UK and trials will be undertaken on some of our shared 'Active Buildings' to solve some of the lifetime and stability issues. We will also be establishing a training, skills and engagement activity to support the creation of the future workforce for the new industry and also explore how to make the technology most easily deployable in different situations from UK homes, public buildings and factories.