Control of refractive error through ionically driven fluid movements

通过离子驱动的流体运动控制屈光不正

• 批准号: nhmrc : 448606
• 负责人: Prof David Crewther
• 金额: $ 13.91万
• 依托单位: Swinburne University of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/control-refractive-error-fluid-movements/99942
• 关键词: Control; refractive; error; through; ionically

Myopia affects about half the world's population with recent studies suggesting epidemic proportions among some Asian schoolchildren though we are not seeing this in Australia. Costs associated with detection, monitoring and optical correction of low and high myopia are huge. High myopes (15% with > 6D) also have a greatly increased risk of blindness between the ages of 30 and 50 years due to secondary disorders associated with impaired fluid balance (retinal and choroidal oedema, macula oedema, retinal detachment and glaucoma). Currently there is no accepted pharmaceutical treatment for myopia though our studies in chick have provided the theoretical rationale and experimental data for a potential therapy and patent. This patent is now at the PCT stage and attests that changes in the abundance of the ions of the subretinal space control fluid movements across the retina to choroid and can be modulated therapeutically by diuretics to control fluid flow and hence axial growth and myopia. This application aims to take our current knowledge about fluid control in myopic chick into a mammalian model prior to preclinical trials in monkey. We anticipate it will take 1 year to establish the feasibility of diuretic control of experimentally induced myopic refractive errors in guinea pigs and the best drug and best the dosage range. These studies will contribute to the scientific understanding and bring the proposed pharmaceutical therapy for myopia in adults and children to a point of full commercialization. We believe that the results found in chick will have significance for early and late-onset myopia in humans as it is highly likely that the same mechanisms of ocular growth regulation operate throughout life.

近视影响了世界上大约一半的人口，最近的研究表明，一些亚洲学生的近视比例普遍存在，尽管我们在澳大利亚没有看到这种情况。低度和高度近视的检测、监测和光学矫正的相关费用是巨大的。高度近视（15%）在30岁至50岁之间，由于与液体平衡受损相关的继发性疾病（视网膜和脉络膜水肿、黄斑水肿、视网膜脱离和青光眼），失明的风险也大大增加。目前还没有公认的药物治疗近视的方法，但我们在小鸡身上的研究为潜在的治疗方法和专利提供了理论依据和实验数据。该专利目前处于PCT阶段，并证明视网膜下空间离子丰度的变化控制了穿过视网膜到脉络膜的液体运动，并且可以通过利尿剂进行治疗调节，以控制液体流动，从而控制轴向生长和近视。该应用程序旨在将我们目前关于近视小鸡体液控制的知识应用于哺乳动物模型，然后进行猴临床前试验。我们预计需要1年的时间来确定利尿剂控制豚鼠实验性近视屈光不全的可行性以及最佳药物和最佳剂量范围。这些研究将有助于科学理解，并将拟议的成人和儿童近视药物治疗推向完全商业化的地步。我们认为，在小鸡身上发现的结果将对人类早发性和晚发性近视具有重要意义，因为很可能在整个生命中都有相同的眼部生长调节机制。