Just 15-Minute City

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Climate change and increasing unsustainable urban growth have exacerbated vulnerabilities of urban areas worldwide, highlightingthe urgent need for more resilient and sustainable approaches to urban development. In response, cities around the world areincorporating the '15-Minute City' (FMC) concept into their policy frameworks to move towards a more sustainable future. FMCenvisions neighbourhoods offering efficient access to urban amenities within a 15-minute walk or cycle to create inclusive, vibrant,and healthy communities with higher density, mixed-use, and human-scale environments. While the FMC concept holds promise forpositive urban outcomes, it has recently come under critical scrutiny due to its potential to produce unjust consequences. I argue thatthese debates revolve around four key themes: gentrification, physical determinism, non-participatory governance, and nonrepresentativepractices. These themes exacerbate urban inequalities and undermine justice values and democracy within cities. Byinfusing the principles of the 'Just City' (JC), inspired by Fainstein's justice theory, into the FMC framework, I propose the 'Just 15-Minute City' (JFMC) concept as an innovative solution. This approach aims to advance FMC while mitigating its potential unjustoutcomes, ultimately fostering more equitable, diverse, and democratic urban environments. This study aims to conceptualise the'JFMC' notion, develop an innovative evaluation framework that will be applied to three case study areas, generate a Policy Toolkit tonavigate cities towards JFMC, and finally applies the policy toolkit to the Oxford live project that intends to incorporate FMC into itslocal plan. To achieve this, the research adopts a pragmatic philosophical paradigm, employing a 'methodological bricolage'approach and a diverse range of qualitative and quantitative methods, including interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires,and qualitative content analysis.