PERCEPTUAL MEMORY--BRAIN-INJURY MEMORY DISORDERS

近年来，越来越明显的是， 重复启动不是一个统一的概念。 研究者正常 记忆已经能够证明，感知成分和 一个概念性的组成部分有助于提高性能的现象， 当刺激在一个任务中被重复时。 根据需求， 实验，或给出的指令，这些组件之一 可能会被强调，或依赖，比其他更多。 是 预期，从几个初步的研究，“正常”启动， 健忘症更依赖于知觉特征，而不是 概念上的 这是否代表了一种结构性激活， 由视觉刺激的正常启动产生的表现或流畅性 仍有待调查。 为了探索这个参数， 现象，在本组件的实验设计。 第一系列实验旨在探索知觉的范围 有助于知觉启动的过程，可能是，也可能不是， 在失忆症中完好无损 不同大小、颜色和方向的刺激将 利用其启动能力，在记忆受损和 控制人口。 预计健忘症患者将 在各种测试中通常对这些刺激属性敏感 包括对象决策、对象识别和对象 建成 使用常见物体和新物体作为刺激， 第二个系列的任务旨在检查知觉学习， 多项试验 这些研究的目的是确定 记忆障碍能否获得新的知觉学习技能 患者通过建立在他们正常的知觉启动能力。 从理论上讲，增加他们的知觉结构表征 在学习方向不变性和心理不变性时， 轮换任务。 最后一组实验将探索基本的 在需要组织视觉的任务中，健忘症患者的解析技能 信息. 类似的“操纵”技能在言语表达中被视为受损， 分析，但知觉分类技能还没有 被调查了 这种形式的感知学习的本质是 通过使用需要病人强加的范例来探索 视觉显示器上的某种形式的组织，以便感知其 固有特性

In recent years it has become increasingly apparent that the phenomena of repetition priming is not a unitary concept. Investigators of normal memory have been able to demonstrate that both a perceptual component and a conceptual component contribute to the phenomena of enhanced performance when stimuli are repeated during a task. Depending upon the demands of the experiment, or the instructions that are given, one of these components might be emphasized, or depended upon, more than the other. It is expected, from several preliminary studies, that the "normal" priming of amnesics is more dependent upon perceptual characteristics than upon conceptual. Whether this represents an activation of structural representation or the fluency produced by normal priming of visual stimuli remains to be investigated. In order to explore the parameters of this phenomena, the experiments in the present component are designed. The first series of experiments seeks to explore the range of perceptual processes contributing to perceptual priming that may, or may not, be intact in amnesia. Stimuli varying in size, color and orientation will be utilized for their priming capabilities in both a memory impaired and a control population. It is anticipated that amnesic patients will be normally sensitive to these stimulus attributes on a variety of testing paradigms including object decision, object identification, and object completion. Using both common objects and novel objects as stimuli, a second series of tasks is designed to examine perceptual learning across multiple trials for amnesics. The purpose of these studies is to determine whether new perceptual learning skills can be acquired by memory disordered patients by building upon their normal perceptual priming abilities. Theoretically, additions to their perceptual structural representations could be made during the learning of orientation invariance and mental rotation tasks. The final set of experiments will explore the basic parsing skills of amnesics during tasks that require organization of visual information. Similar "manipulative" skills are seen as impaired in verbal analysis by amnesics, but perceptual classification skills have not yet been investigated. The nature of this form of perceptual learning will be explored through the use of paradigms that require the patient to impose some form of organization on a visual display in order to perceive its inherent characteristics.