Intimate migrations: exploring the experiences of LGB migrants from Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union in Scotland

亲密移民：探索来自东欧和前苏联的 LGB 移民在苏格兰的经历

• 批准号: ES/L009307/1
• 负责人: Francesca Stella
• 金额: $ 32.11万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL009307%2F1
• 关键词: Intimate; migrations; exploring; experiences; LGB

Despite a growing body of empirical research focusing on migration and same-sex sexualities, this work has thus far mainly focussed on North America. To date, little empirical research has been conducted on intra-European queer migration, despite very uneven levels of recognition of LGB (lesbian, gay, bisexual) rights across Europe. This raises questions as to whether transnational migration can be a strategy for enabling non-heteronormative practices and identities, and for accessing sexual citizenship rights.The proposed project will explore how sexuality may shape intra-European migration through a focus on the lived experiences of LGB migrants who have moved to Scotland from the postsocialist region [Eastern Europe (EE) and the Former Soviet Union (FSU)]. The project's geographical scope is timely, as comparative surveys point to an East/West divide within Europe in terms of policy, legislation and attitudes towards LGB citizens, with the UK ranked among the most progressive European countries and most countries from the post-socialist region lagging behind (FRA 2013). Moreover, since the mid-2000s the UK has experienced high rates of immigration from the region, with an estimated 653,000 Eastern Europeans settling in the UK in the period 2004-2011 (Vargas-Silva 2013:4). A focus on Scotland as a migration destination can illuminate broader issues related to UK and intra-European queer migration, whilst also presenting a distinctive and interesting case, owing to: i) the significant recent influx of migrants from the post-socialist region to Scotland ii) the higher proportion of European to non-European migrants in Scotland compared to most other UK regions; iii) Scotland's recent shift from a country of emigration to a country with a positive migration balance; iv) Scotland's devolved government and specific demographic and socio-legal context within the UK, despite migration remaining a 'reserved' Westminster matter.This project will provide an in-depth and nuanced exploration of the lived experiences of LGB migrants, generating significant original data and fresh insights into the role of sexuality in the migration process. The project is interdisciplinary in nature, and draws on empirical, theoretical and methodological insights from sociology, area studies, human geography and anthropology. The research innovatively brings together theoretical frameworks previously used in isolation (intersectionality, transnationalism and personal communities). It combines biographical interviews (phase 1) with visual methods (photo diaries, sociograms) and follow-up interviews (phase 2), in order to capture the complexity of migrants' experiences, multiple belongings and emotional attachments. The research will explore how sexuality affects reasons for migrating, experiences of migration and plans for long-term settlement. It will also contextualise migrants' sense of (dis)comfort, (in)security and belonging within the social networks they cultivate across home and host societies, and consider the role played by sexuality and ethnicity in shaping migrants' 'personal communities' (Pahl and Spencer 2004) and their engagements with them. While foregrounding sexuality and ethnicity, the research will also consider how other factors (such as socio-economic background, gender, nationality, migration status etc) may affect experiences of migration and resettlement. The research will contribute fresh empirical and conceptual insights to topical debates in sexuality and migration studies on the role played by intimacy, emotions and personal communities in shaping migration and resettlement. The research will also generate findings and outputs of interest to end users from the public and voluntary sector. This will be achieved through a sustained engagement with a range of stakeholders working with LGBT, migrant and minority ethnic communities, or promoting intersectional approaches to equality and diversity agendas.

尽管越来越多的实证研究集中在移民和同性性行为，这项工作迄今主要集中在北美。到目前为止，很少有实证研究已经进行了欧洲内部的酷儿移民，尽管非常不平衡的水平，承认LGB（女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋）的权利在欧洲各地。这就提出了一个问题，跨国移民是否可以使非heteronormative的做法和身份，并为获得性公民权的战略。拟议的项目将探讨如何性行为可能会塑造欧洲内部的移民，通过对LGB移民谁搬到苏格兰从后社会主义地区[东欧（EE）和前苏联（FSU）]的生活经历的重点。该项目的地理范围是及时的，因为比较调查表明，在欧洲，在政策、立法和对男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者公民的态度方面存在着东西方鸿沟，联合王国被列为最进步的欧洲国家之一，而后社会主义地区的大多数国家则落在后面（2013年森林资源评估）。此外，自2000年代中期以来，英国经历了来自该地区的高移民率，2004-2011年期间估计有653，000名东欧人在英国定居（Vargas-Silva 2013：4）。将苏格兰作为移民目的地的重点可以阐明与英国和欧洲内部酷儿移民相关的更广泛问题，同时也提出了一个独特而有趣的案例，原因是：i）最近大量移民从后社会主义地区涌入苏格兰ii）与大多数其他英国地区相比，苏格兰的欧洲移民与非欧洲移民的比例更高; ㈢苏格兰最近从一个移民国家转变为一个移民正平衡的国家;（四）苏格兰的权力下放政府以及联合王国境内的具体人口和社会法律背景，尽管移民仍然是一个“保留”的威斯敏斯特问题。这个项目将提供一个在-深入细致地探讨了男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者移徙者的生活经历，为性在移徙过程中的作用提供了重要的原始数据和新的见解。该项目具有跨学科性质，并借鉴了社会学、区域研究、人文地理学和人类学的经验、理论和方法论见解。该研究创新性地汇集了以前孤立使用的理论框架（交叉性，跨国主义和个人社区）。它将传记访谈（第一阶段）与视觉方法（照片日记、社交图）和后续访谈（第二阶段）相结合，以捕捉移民经历的复杂性、多重财产和情感依恋。这项研究将探讨性行为如何影响移徙原因、移徙经历和长期定居计划。它还将把移徙者在他们在母国和东道国社会建立的社交网络中的舒适感、安全感和归属感放在背景中，并考虑性和种族在塑造移徙者的“个人社区”（Pahl和Spencer，2004年）及其与移徙者的交往中所发挥的作用。在突出性别和种族的同时，研究还将考虑其他因素（如社会经济背景、性别、国籍、移民身份等）如何影响移民和重新安置的经历。这项研究将为性和移民研究中关于亲密关系、情感和个人社区在塑造移民和重新安置方面所起作用的专题辩论提供新的经验和概念见解。研究还将产生公共和志愿部门最终用户感兴趣的结果和产出。这将通过与一系列与男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者、移民和少数民族社区合作的利益攸关方持续接触，或促进平等和多样性议程的跨部门方法来实现。

项目成果

Unpacking the Meanings of a ‘Normal Life’ Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Eastern European Migrants in Scotland

解开苏格兰女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别东欧移民“正常生活”的意义

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: F. Stella;M. Flynn;Anna Gawlewicz
• 通讯作者: Anna Gawlewicz

Preliminary Findings Report: Lesbian, bisexual and gay migration from Eastern Europe to Scotland

初步调查报告：女同性恋、双性恋和男同性恋从东欧移民到苏格兰

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Stella, F.

Engaging with LGBT and Migrant Equalities: a Youth and Community Toolkit

参与 LGBT 和移民平等：青年和社区工具包

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Stella F

Social networks, language and identity negotiations among queer migrants in Scotland

苏格兰酷儿移民的社交网络、语言和身份谈判

• DOI: 10.1080/1369183x.2020.1863203
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Stella F

Intimate Migrations: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Migrants in Scotland. Final Project Report. Appendix 2: Reccommendations from Final Consultation Event

亲密移民：苏格兰的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性移民。

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Stella F