权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Criminal Cases Review Commission: Legal Aid and Legal Representatives

刑事案件审查委员会：法律援助和法律代表

基本信息

批准号：
ES/R008515/1
负责人：
Richard Vogler
金额：
$ 36.54万
依托单位：
University of Sussex
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FR008515%2F1
关键词：
Criminal Cases Review Commission Legal

项目摘要

Since 1997 the CCRC has been the only independent reviewer of potential miscarriages of justice. It is an institution of crucial importance in the criminal justice process, as it acts to scrutinise the decisions, and decision making processes, of our criminal courts. Its ability to independently scrutinise such decisions increases legitimacy, accuracy and public confidence in the criminal justice system. However, the data held by the CCRC is difficult to access, requiring the consent and co-operation of the department, and the Ministry of Justice. Data held by the CCRC, coupled with data available from lawyers who prepare applications for review and cases on behalf of clients, offers a unique insight into how the CCRC has been affected by austerity measures initiated by recent governments. The CCRC reports directly to the Justice Select Committee, and raised concerns about the impact of legal aid cuts as part of those reports. In 2016, the Justice Select Committee agreed that such matters should be investigated, and tasked the CCRC with commissioning independent research on this subject. The CCRC released an unfunded call for suitably qualified researchers to examine the impact of funding cuts in early 2016, and the project team successfully secured access to the CCRC's unique data set as a result of that competitive tender. The full research proposal was agreed in spring 2017. This is particularly timely in light of the government's announcement (in early 2017) to conduct a review of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012. Welsh has been involved in early discussions with Ministry of Justice policy advisers about that review. The reports produced by this study will provide the government, the CCRC and lawyers with access to important though rarely accessible material. Recent changes to legal aid policy have affected the levels of representation available to defendants who seek case review with the CCRC. The policy changes that the Justice Select Committee is most interested in are changes in the funding scheme brought about by the Legal Aid Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, the coming into force of reduced expert fees under the Criminal Legal Aid (Remuneration) Regulations 2013 and the 8.75% fee cut introduced in March 2014. The overarching theme of the project is, therefore, the impact of legal aid cuts on applications made to the CCRC, which influences the way that the institutions of criminal justice operate and, therefore, influences the interests of civil society. We will use both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine pre-existing data held by the CCRC, and we will create data about how the changes detailed above have influenced lawyer behaviour. We will use that data to examine fluctuations in the volume of applications received by the CCRC, and on the quality of applications that are being received. We will examine whether it is possible to identify trends in the number of applications being submitted; whether such trends reflect changes in legal aid provision; and whether it is possible to detect a change in the quality of the preparation of applications which are submitted.The research will inform policy developments in access to justice, and will provide the CCRC with guidance about their processes so that they are able to operate in the most effective and efficient way for applicants. It will also add to a growing body of literature on access to justice, will provide lawyers with information that will enable them to ensure they are operating as effectively as possible for their clients and will inform applicants and their families about the way that legal aid operates when making applications to the CCRC.

自1997年以来，CCRC一直是唯一一个对潜在的司法不公进行独立审查的机构。它是刑事司法程序中至关重要的一个机构，因为它负责审查我们刑事法院的决定和决策过程。它独立审查这些决定的能力提高了刑事司法系统的合法性、准确性和公众信心。然而，CCRC持有的数据很难获得，需要得到该部门和司法部的同意和合作。CCRC持有的数据，加上代表客户准备审查申请和案件的律师提供的数据，为CCRC如何受到近年来政府发起的紧缩措施的影响提供了独特的见解。CCRC直接向司法特别委员会报告，并在这些报告中对削减法律的援助的影响表示关切。2016年，司法特别委员会同意调查这些事项，并责成CCRC就这一问题进行独立研究。CCRC在2016年初发布了一项没有资金支持的呼吁，要求有资格的研究人员研究资金削减的影响，项目团队成功地获得了CCRC独特的数据集。完整的研究提案于2017年春季达成一致。鉴于政府宣布（2017年初）对2012年《罪犯法律的援助、判刑和惩罚法》进行审查，这一点尤为及时。威尔士已经参与了与司法部政策顾问关于这一审查的早期讨论。这项研究所产生的报告将为政府，CCRC和律师提供重要的，但很少获得的材料。最近对法律的援助政策的修改影响了向CCRC寻求案件审查的被告的代表水平。司法特别委员会最感兴趣的政策变化是2012年《罪犯法律的援助判刑和处罚法》带来的资助计划变化，2013年《刑事法律的援助（薪酬）条例》规定的专家费用减少以及2014年3月引入的8.75%的费用削减。因此，该项目的首要主题是，削减法律的援助对向《公民权利和政治权利公约》提出的申请的影响，这影响到刑事司法机构的运作方式，从而影响到民间社会的利益。我们将使用定性和定量方法来检查CCRC持有的现有数据，并创建有关上述变化如何影响律师行为的数据。我们将利用这些数据来研究CCRC收到的申请数量的波动，以及收到的申请的质量。我们会研究是否有可能找出申请个案数目的趋势;这些趋势是否反映提供法律的援助的转变;以及是否有可能发现提交的申请的准备质量的变化。这项研究将为诉诸司法方面的政策发展提供信息，并将向CCRC提供有关其流程的指导，以便他们能够以最有效和最高效的方式为申请人提供服务。它还将增加越来越多的关于诉诸司法的文献，将为律师提供信息，使他们能够确保尽可能有效地为客户服务，并将向申请人及其家人介绍在向柬埔寨民事权利委员会提出申请时如何提供法律的援助。