Social and Political Change in Britain: Gallup Polls 1945-1991

英国的社会和政治变革：盖洛普民意调查 1945-1991

• 批准号: ES/S000380/1
• 负责人: Will Jennings
• 金额: $ 74.48万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS000380%2F1
• 关键词: Social; Political; Change; Britain; Gallup

How have public attitudes on key political, social and economic issues changed since the Second World War? How do those changes vary across different groups in society? From the 1930s to the early 2000s, the survey organisation Gallup conducted around three thousand surveys of the social, political and economic attitudes of the British public. At the time, these opinion polls provided valuable insights on how the public thought about key issues, personalities and events of the day - the government, the party leaders, international crises, support for specific policies, and so on - with national level results reported in monthly Gallup reports and in the news media. To date, only a small fraction of the original surveys have seen the light of day. A recent discovery by the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research at the University of Cornell revealed a veritable treasure trove of important historical Gallup survey data - around 2,500 surveys covering the period between 1945 and 1991 - stored in 'column binary format' based on antiquated IBM punch cards, rendering them inaccessible to most researchers today. Processing and digitising this data presents a major technical challenge, but offers the prospect of enhancing understanding of social and political change in Britain between the 1940s and 1990s. This project will develop a unique dataset that enables researchers to analyse how the major political, economic, and social shifts between the 1940s and 1990s influenced the dynamics of public opinion in Britain. It will firstly digitise all the codebooks of all Gallup surveys over the period between 1945 and 1991 (making them searchable online by researchers). It will further digitise around 700 surveys that contain questions relating to social, political and economic issues (and will specifically select 100 of these surveys through a user-led exercise enabling researchers to nominate those surveys to be prioritised for digitisation). It will also create a 'merged' dataset of individual surveys that combines repeated cross-sectional measures of public attitudes and demographics - enabling researchers to track changes in public opinion by subgroup over time. Using this new data resource, it will explore long-term trends in social and political attitudes in Britain, their reaction to key events and how they vary across different cross-sections of society.The objectives of the project are as follows:* To digitise codebooks of all surveys conducted by the UK Gallup Poll between 1945 and 1991.* To convert 700 individual surveys conducted by the UK Gallup Poll between 1945 and 1991 from column binary data to current software and non-proprietary formats.* To create a merged time series dataset based on individual surveys that offers a repeated cross-sectional measures of public opinion. * To facilitate and promote the use of this new data resource by other researchers.* To enable educational and public use of longitudinal data on public opinion through the development of web-based data visualisation tools.* To use this new data infrastructure to track and understand long-term dynamics of public opinion in Britain, especially across different groups (e.g. partisans, by age).

自第二次世界大战以来，公众对关键政治、社会和经济问题的态度发生了什么变化？这些变化在社会的不同群体中有何不同？从20世纪30年代到21世纪初，调查机构盖洛普对英国公众的社会、政治和经济态度进行了约3000次调查。当时，这些民意调查提供了宝贵的见解，了解公众如何看待关键问题，人物和当天的事件-政府，党的领导人，国际危机，对具体政策的支持，等等-与国家层面的结果报告每月盖洛普报告和新闻媒体。到目前为止，只有一小部分原始调查已经看到了曙光。康奈尔大学（University of Cornell）罗珀民意研究中心（Roper Center for Public Opinion Research）最近的一项发现，揭示了一个名副其实的重要历史盖洛普调查数据宝库--涵盖1945年至1991年期间的约2,500项调查--以基于过时的IBM穿孔卡的"列二进制格式"存储，使今天的大多数研究人员无法访问这些数据。处理和数字化这些数据提出了一个重大的技术挑战，但提供了前景，提高对1940年代和1990年代之间英国社会和政治变化的理解。该项目将开发一个独特的数据集，使研究人员能够分析20世纪40年代和90年代之间的主要政治，经济和社会转变如何影响英国民意的动态。它将首先将1945年至1991年期间所有盖洛普调查的所有代码本数字化（使研究人员可以在线搜索它们）。它将进一步数字化约700项调查，其中包含与社会，政治和经济问题有关的问题（并将通过用户主导的活动特别选择100项调查，使研究人员能够提名这些调查优先进行数字化）。它还将创建一个“合并”的个人调查数据集，将公众态度和人口统计学的重复横截面测量相结合，使研究人员能够跟踪随着时间的推移按分组的民意变化。利用这一新的数据资源，它将探索英国社会和政治态度的长期趋势，他们对关键事件的反应，以及他们在社会不同阶层之间的差异。该项目的目标如下：* 将英国盖洛普民意调查在1945年至1991年期间进行的所有调查的代码簿数字化。将英国盖洛普民意测验在1945年至1991年期间进行的700项个人调查从列二进制数据转换为当前的软件和非专有格式。根据个人调查创建一个合并的时间序列数据集，提供对民意的重复横截面测量。* 促进和促进其他研究人员使用这一新的数据资源。通过开发基于网络的数据可视化工具，使公众能够在教育和公共领域使用民意纵向数据。使用这种新的数据基础设施来跟踪和了解英国公众舆论的长期动态，特别是在不同的群体中（例如，按年龄划分的党派）。

项目成果

The formation of British attitudes towards Europe: 1957-1972

英国对欧洲态度的形成：1957-1972

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Kenny J

Election forecasting: Too far out?

选举预测：太遥远了？

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2019.12.002
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International Journal of Forecasting
• 影响因子: 7.9
• 作者: Jennings W

Public responsiveness to declining crime rates in the United States and England & Wales

公众对美国和英国犯罪率下降的反应

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: British Journal of Criminology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Enns P

The Changing Prioritization of Environmental Protection in Britain: 1982-2019

英国环境保护优先事项的变化：1982-2019

• DOI: 10.1017/gov.2022.17
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Government and Opposition
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Kenny J

Analysing the changing relationship between political attitudes and gender in Britain: 1955-2022

分析英国政治态度与性别之间关系的变化：1955-2022

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Campbell R