Cross-Cultural Connections for Users of Existing Longitudinal Cohort Studies

英国在纵向出生队列和小组研究方面有着无与伦比的传统，这些研究跟踪了几代婴儿（及其家庭）从出生到整个生命周期。研究对象的年龄跨度超过70岁。1946年的英国队列研究和1958年的全国儿童发展研究跟踪调查了出生在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士的2万多人的生活。这些研究一直在追踪研究参与者的身高、体重、健康状况、学业成绩、社会阶层、越轨行为（如欺凌他人、犯罪行为），以及他们后来的就业和恋爱史、健康状况、生活满意度等。另一项研究开始于1970年；然后是20世纪90年代和21世纪初的其他研究，包括双胞胎队列研究，这些研究可以评估遗传和环境对儿童发育影响的相对重要性。总的来说，这项研究对英国的健康、教育、经济和社会政策以及我们对整个生命过程中个人发展的理解做出了重大贡献。最近的《经济、社会和经济研究中心纵向研究战略审查》指出，包括日本在内的其他国家在纵向研究方面取得的进展，正在为就一系列广泛问题进行严格的国际比较研究开辟重要机会，这些问题包括比较生命历程轨迹，以便更好地了解环境情况和政策如何影响发展轨迹、健康和其他结果。然而，《评估》还指出，目前在量化“诀窍”方面缺乏适当的技能和指导组合，使这类比较分析成为可能。更具体地说，《审查》强调需要统一数据，以加强国际比较研究并改进其方法基础。该应用程序旨在在英国和日本研究人员之间建立可持续的国际合作，以便为未来的UKRI-JSPS双边研究呼叫以及高质量的同行评审期刊文章提供高质量的应用程序。我们的目标是汇集英国和日本的研究人员，他们正在研究风险途径，为检测和预防提供信息，这与ESRC了解与心理健康有关的社会因素的优先事项非常吻合。为此，我们将利用注入资金(i)让一个英国团队在日本举办两次关于数据协调和发展轨迹估计的研讨会。我们设想这些研讨会将作为一个论坛，开始就现有队列研究中更广泛的协调可能性进行对话。（ii）日本研究人员将来英国展示这些研讨会产生的现有项目和论文。

The UK has an unparalleled tradition of longitudinal birth cohort and panel studies that track generations of babies (and their families) from birth throughout the lifespan. The cohorts span over 70 years. The 1946 British Cohort Study and the 1958 National Child Development Study have been following the lives of over 20,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales. These studies have been tracking study participants' height, weight, health, school performance, social class, deviance (e.g. bullying others, crime behaviours), and their later employment and relationship histories, health, life satisfaction and so on. Another study began in 1970; and then others in the 1990s and 2000s, including twin cohort studies, which can assess the relative importance of genetic and environmental influence on child development. Taken together, this research has made major contributions to UK health, education, economic and social policy, and to our understanding of individual development across the life course. The recent ESRC Longitudinal Studies Strategic Review noted that advances in longitudinal studies in other countries - including Japan - are now opening up key opportunities for rigorous international comparative studies on a wide range of issues including comparisons of life-course trajectories to better understand how environmental circumstances and policy can affect development trajectories, health and other outcomes. The Review also, however, noted that there is currently a lack of the right mix of skills and mentoring in quantitative 'know-how' to make these sorts of comparative analyses possible. More specifically, The Review highlighted the need for data harmonization to enhance international comparative research and improve its methodological foundations. This application aims to create sustainable international collaborations between UK and Japanese researchers to enable high-quality applications for future UKRI-JSPS bilateral research calls, as well as high quality peer-reviewed journal articles. We aim to bring together UK and Japanese researchers who are examining risk pathways to inform detection and prevention, fitting well with the ESRC's priority to understand social factors involved in mental health. To this end, we will utilise the pump-priming funds to (i) have a UK team deliver two workshops in Japan on data harmonisation and the estimation of developmental trajectories. We envisage that these workshops will act as a forum to begin a dialogue about wider harmonisation possibilities within existing cohort studies. (ii) The Japanese researchers will come to the UK to showcase existing projects and papers that arise from these workshops.