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Exploring the impacts of hybridisation on the local conflict trajectories of Madagascar

探索杂交对马达加斯加当地冲突轨迹的影响

基本信息

批准号：
ES/V012568/1
负责人：
Velomahanina Razakamaharavo
金额：
$ 30.99万
依托单位：
University of Reading
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV012568%2F1
关键词：
Exploring impacts hybridisation local conflict

项目摘要

Madagascar has experienced regular episodes of conflict with various stages since the colonial period (e.g.: political tension situations (one or two deaths) and low intensity conflicts (between 100 to 1000 deaths)). So far, the Malagasy have not been able to explain why the conflict trajectories vary to such a great extent at the national level. This country has been in contact with external actors, their cultures and ideologies, or their modes of governance. These interactions between the local and the international created various situations involving, for example, collaboration, acceptance, rejection, clashes and even high levels of violence. Despite the recent advances in the study of processes of hybridisation involving the formation of "international/ liberal and local/ non-liberal institutions, practices and values, very little is understood regarding the way in which these processes affect local conflict trajectories. This project will respond to the following questions:1)What are the dynamics behind hybridisation, namely the formation of international (liberal/ illiberal) and local/ non-liberal institutions, practices and values in Madagascar?2)How do these dynamics affect the local conflict trajectories such as escalation, de-escalation, and protraction of conflict stages in the country?This project argues that the variations of the processes of hybridisation at the local level in two Malagasy localities have led to various conflict outcomes shaping the local conflict trajectories. To identify the character of hybridisation, and its impact on conflict at different times and in different local contexts, the project examines the effects of the interaction of the international and the local on conflict trajectories in both the centre (Antananarivo) and the periphery ( Antsiranana, Toamasina, and Mahajanga), and over three periods of time, each with different international influences: post-1945 French colonial rule (1945 - 1960), the post-colonial period (1960 - 1991), and the post-cold war period (since 1991). The PI will engage in two different types of work: one is conceptual (exploring hybridity and hybridisation) which will require archival research both in Madagascar and in France. And the other is empirical (assessing its impact on conflict trajectories) entailing the generation of new primary and bottom-up data on these processes through the organisation of "narrative workshops" during which local stakeholders, including representatives from the communities, will be invited to tell their own narratives about peace and conflict. The texts that will be gathered in this project will be examined through discourse analysis (a research method for studying written or spoken language in relation to its social context) and the impact of hybridisation on conflict trajectories will be assessed through process tracing, a tool to examine political and social phenomena and evaluate causal claims. On the one hand, this project has important implications for theories of hybridisation by proposing a theoretical and conceptual understanding of the international going beyond the liberal order. On the other hand, the local narratives that it will generate through a methodology called Delphi technique, allowing the collection of narratives through participatory focus groups, will help to understand the conflict dynamics in this country. The research will provide bottom-up-based evidence that will help actors involved in peace processes to shape solutions as they address conflicts, and in the same vein, help them develop better policy processes at different levels. Its originality also lies in the fact that it recognizes the capacity of the local communities to act as agents of change not as mere recipients while giving voice to these local narratives. This is one way of empowering local actors so that they can appropriate local peace processes. This will benefit Malagasy society and have an impact in the wider world.

自殖民时期以来，马达加斯加经历了不同阶段的经常性冲突（例如：政治紧张局势（1至2人死亡）和低强度冲突（100至1 000人死亡））。到目前为止，马达加斯加人还无法解释为什么冲突轨迹在国家一级有如此大的差异。这个国家一直与外部行为者、其文化和意识形态或其治理模式有接触。地方和国际之间的这些互动造成了各种情况，例如，合作、接受、拒绝、冲突，甚至是严重的暴力。尽管最近在研究涉及“国际/自由和地方/非自由制度、做法和价值观”的形成的混合过程方面取得了进展，但人们对这些过程如何影响地方冲突轨迹的了解甚少。该项目将回答以下问题：（1）混合背后的动力是什么，即马达加斯加国际（自由/非自由）和地方/非自由机构、做法和价值观的形成？2)这些动态如何影响当地冲突的轨迹，例如该国冲突阶段的升级、降级和延长？该项目认为，在马达加斯加两个地方的地方一级的杂交过程的变化，导致了各种冲突的结果，塑造当地的冲突轨迹。为了确定混合的特点及其在不同时期和不同地方背景下对冲突的影响，该项目研究了国际和地方的互动对中心和地方冲突轨迹的影响。（塔那那利佛）和周边地区（Antsiranana，Toamasina和Mahajanga），以及三个时期，每个时期都有不同的国际影响：1945年后的法国殖民统治时期（1945 - 1960）、后殖民时期（1960 - 1991）和后冷战时期（1991年以来）。PI将从事两种不同类型的工作：一种是概念性的（探索杂交和杂交），这将需要在马达加斯加和法国进行档案研究。另一个是经验性的（评估其对冲突轨迹的影响），需要通过组织“叙述讲习班”，产生关于这些进程的新的基本和自下而上的数据，在讲习班期间，将邀请当地利益攸关方，包括社区代表，讲述他们自己关于和平与冲突的叙述。将在这个项目中收集的文本将通过话语分析（一种研究书面或口头语言与其社会背景的研究方法）进行检查，并将通过过程跟踪评估混合对冲突轨迹的影响，这是一种检查政治和社会现象并评估因果关系的工具。一方面，该项目提出了一个超越自由秩序的国际理论和概念的理解，对杂交理论具有重要意义。另一方面，它将通过一种称为德尔菲技术的方法产生当地的叙述，通过参与性重点小组收集叙述，这将有助于了解该国的冲突动态。这项研究将提供自下而上的证据，帮助参与和平进程的行为体在处理冲突时制定解决办法，并同样帮助他们在各级制定更好的政策进程。它的独创性还在于，它承认地方社区有能力作为变革的推动者，而不仅仅是接受者，同时表达这些地方的观点。这是增强地方行为体权能的一种方式，使他们能够适当利用地方和平进程。这将使马达加斯加社会受益，并对更广泛的世界产生影响。