Anti-racism in Crisis: exploring (anti-)racism, Islamophobia, and social movements in contemporary Britain

在过去的几年里，“反种族主义”的理念受到了广泛的欢迎。在英国，围绕反种族主义的公开辩论往往集中在反黑人种族主义上——随着“黑人的命也是命”运动的爆发——以及反犹主义，尤其是与工党有关的反犹主义。关于反种族主义和伊斯兰恐惧症的讨论就少得多了。如何最好地理解伊斯兰恐惧症与种族主义的关系？我们如何以“反种族主义”的方式应对伊斯兰恐惧症？这些问题与今天英国的政治“左派”有什么关系？拟议的研究通过汇集当代社会的一些问题来回答这些问题：伊斯兰恐惧症、种族主义、反种族主义和左翼社会运动。我的博士研究包括采访格拉斯哥和曼彻斯特两个城市的反种族主义活动家和第三部门社区工作者。它关心的是，首先，这些演员如何理解伊斯兰恐惧症问题及其与种族主义的关系。其次，这些理解如何塑造和反映他们作为“实地”活动家和工人的实际反应。第三，这些理解和反应是否因地点而异；换句话说，在两个城市之间。我的博士研究得出了许多重要的发现，而拟议的研究计划旨在以各种方式扩展和分享这些发现。在获得奖学金的过程中，我将在博士研究的基础上撰写两篇学术文章、一篇合著的书籍章节和一篇学术书籍提案。这些写作项目都将有助于我更广泛的研究议程，其目的是利用社会学的学科，以提高我们对反种族主义的理解-一个在当代社会日益成为公众辩论的话题，但往往不是学术关注的焦点的问题。因此，拟议的研究具有明确的政治和学术目的，旨在阐明反种族主义做法，以便对基层和机构对种族主义的反应进行积极干预。除了上面的写作项目，我还会为公众制作一个吸引人的、可访问的播客。该播客在网上播出，将以对活动家和学者的采访为特色，探讨两个关键话题：政治左派的伊斯兰恐惧症，以及穆斯林活动家在这些网络和空间中的工作。伴随着播客的将是一个公共讨论活动；为学者、活动家和其他关注挑战种族主义和伊斯兰恐惧症的人提供了一个机会，让他们聚集在一起讨论播客中提出的问题，并寻求制定更有效的实际对策。种族主义和反种族主义问题并不仅仅局限于英国。正如最近的“黑人的命也是命”抗议活动所表明的那样，种族主义是一个全球性问题，需要全球形式的抵抗。因此，拟议的研究方案也将与国际听众接触。例如，我将通过参加2022年8月的ASA（美国社会学协会）年会，首次与美国学术界的同事分享我的研究成果。最后，拟议的研究计划将支持我的专业发展，因为我在学术界的职业生涯。因此，奖学金的一小部分将用于提高我的教学技能，并申请进一步的资助，用于未来在英国和其他国家进行反种族主义的研究。

Over the last few years, the idea of 'anti-racism' has gained popular appeal. Public debates around anti-racism in Britain have tended to focus on anti-Black racism - with the explosion of the Black Lives Matter movement - and Antisemitism, particularly in relation to the Labour Party. Much less has been said about anti-racism and the issue of Islamophobia. How is Islamophobia best understood in relation to racism? How do we respond to Islamophobia in an 'anti-racist' way? And how are these questions relevant for those on the political 'left' in Britain today? The proposed research responds to such questions by bringing together a number of issues in contemporary society: Islamophobia, racism, anti-racism, and left-wing social movements.My doctoral (PhD) research involved interviews with anti-racist activists and third sector community workers in the two cities of Glasgow and Manchester. It was concerned with, firstly, how these actors understood the problem of Islamophobia, and its relationship to racism. Secondly, how these understandings shaped and reflected their practical responses as activists and workers 'on the ground'. And thirdly, whether these understandings and responses differed in relation to place; in other words, between the two cities. A number of key findings came out of my doctoral research, and the proposed programme of research aims to extend and share them in a variety of ways. Over the course of the fellowship I will build on my doctoral research to write two academic articles, a co-authored book chapter, and an academic book proposal. These writing projects will all contribute to my wider research agenda, which aims to use the discipline of sociology to enhance our understanding of anti-racism - an issue in contemporary society that is increasingly a topic of public debate, but not often a focus of academic concern. The proposed research therefore has a clear political as well as academic purpose, aiming to shed light on anti-racist practices in order to make positive interventions into grassroots and institutional responses to racism.In addition to the above writing projects, I will produce an engaging and accessible podcast for public audiences. Hosted online, the podcast will feature interviews with activists and academics to explore two key topics: Islamophobia on the political left, and the work of Muslim activists in these same networks and spaces. Accompanying the podcast will be a public discussion event; an opportunity for academics, activists, and others concerned with challenging racism and Islamophobia to come together to discuss the issues raised in the podcast, and look towards developing more effective practical responses.Issues of racism and anti-racism are not just limited to a British context. As recent Black Lives Matter protests demonstrated, racism is a global problem that calls for global forms of resistance. The proposed programme of research will therefore also engage with international audiences. For example, I will share my research findings with academic colleagues in the United States for the first time, by attending and participating in the ASA (American Sociological Association) annual conference in August 2022.Finally, the proposed programme of research will support my professional development as I pursue a career in academia. A small portion of the fellowship will therefore be dedicated to enhancing my teaching skills and to applying for further funding for future research on anti-racism in Britain and beyond.