University of Ulster NISRA BDR Programme

拟议的研究旨在提高我们的理解之间的关系，企业的参与北方爱尔兰（NI）和他们的业绩在市场之外。该项目的总体目标将是开发一个新的证据基础，增加了目前的知识的作用，出口和进口，以及那些公司从事此类活动，在NI economy. We的中心研究问题是：RQ 1：什么关系是有公司/行业的特点和国际化（出口和进口）的NI公司？RQ 2.对于广泛（销售或进口的市场数量）和密集（增加销售/购买）利润率对NI经济整体出口增长的贡献，我们可以说些什么？这一研究领域的现有文献表明，从事国际贸易（主要是出口）的公司往往比非出口同行资本密集、更具创新性、支付更高的工资和生产力。从事跨境贸易的国家机构公司和国家机构出口的情况证明了这一点。我们的额外贡献，以及那些参与10 X经济政策制定的人特别感兴趣的是，部门特征（包括出口强度，生产率等）对这些部门公司出口倾向和强度的影响。我们还打算将分析扩展到研究进口行为的影响，这在以前的研究中较少受到关注。通过这一BDR倡议，我们建议提供一个非常详细的描述性分析，（和进口）业绩-按市场划分，2014年按部门和地域分列的2020年期间，并将其与这些外部市场和工业部门的经济表现联系起来。接下来，我们将研究企业层面的出口战略，以解释我们在时间序列中看到的更大的贸易模式。这将提供一些证据，以检验在政策领域采取的促进出口和“出口途径”办法。分析的第二阶段，试图分析业务特征与出口之间的关系，并分别确定是否存在出口溢价（或进口溢价）对企业业绩的影响，将通过计量经济学分析，使用文献中的标准技术进行。该项目的交付成果将包括一份主要报告，其中载有对出口商和非出口商的描述性分析，同样，进口商和非进口商（按规模、详细部门、优先部门和地理位置），沿着计量经济学分析，该分析旨在分析商业和业绩特征与各种国际化状况变量（即出口、进口、出口密度、广泛的出口市场导向）之间的统计关系。这份主要报告将有助于支持经济部（DfE）的研究重点，特别是在10倍经济方面，通过提供对NI出口商基础的了解。它将使人们能够了解出口公司的最新情况，了解哪些特点与出口最相关，这种特点是否因广泛的市场目的地而变化，以及出口的强度。它还将有助于评估出口对企业业绩的影响，从而有助于支持这一领域的政策制定。最后，通过对进口商的分析，它将提供对NI商业人口国际化的更全面的理解。

The proposed research aims to improve our understanding of the relationships between firms' engagement in markets external to Northern Ireland (NI) and their performance. The overall aim of the project would be to develop a new evidence base which adds to current knowledge about the role of exporting and importing, and those firms engaged in such activities, within the NI economy.Our central research questions are:RQ1: What relationship is there between firm/sector characteristics and internationalisation (both exporting and importing) for NI firms? RQ2. What can we say about the contributions of extensive (numbers of market sold to or imported from) and intensive (increasing sales/purchases) margins to overall export growth for the NI economy?The existing literature in this research field shows how firms engaged in international trade (in the main exporting) tend to be more capital intensive, more innovative, pay higher wages and are more productive than their non-exporting peers. Evidence for this has been shown for NI firms engaged in cross-border trade and for NI exports. Our additional contribution, and of particular interest to those engaged in the 10X Economy policy development, would be the effect of sectoral characteristics (including export intensity, productivity, etc) on the propensity and intensity of exporting by firms in those sectors. We also aim to extend the analysis to examine the effect of importing behaviour, which has received less focus in previous research.Through this BDR initiative we propose to offer both a very detailed descriptive analysis of export (and import) performance - by market, by sector and by geography - over the 2014-2020 period as well as relating this to economic performance in those external markets and industrial sectors. We will follow this by looking at export strategies at the firm level in order to explain the larger trade patterns that we are seeing in the time series. This will offer some evidence to test out the export promotion and 'pathway to exporting' approaches that have been followed in policy spheres. The second stage of the analysis, which seeks to analyse the relationship between business characteristics and exporting, and separately identify whether there is an export premia (or import premia) on business performance, will be undertaken via econometric analysis, using standard techniques from the literature.The project's deliverables will include a main report containing both a descriptive analysis of exporters and non-exporters and likewise, importers and non-importers (by size, detailed sector, priority sector and geography), along with econometric analysis which seeks to analyse the statistical relationship between business and performance characteristics and the various internationalisation status variables i.e. exporting, importing, export intensity, broad export market orientation. This main report will help support the Department for the Economy (DfE) in their research priorities, specifically in terms of the 10X Economy, by providing an understanding of NI's exporter base. It will enable an up-to-date profile of exporting firms to be established in terms of which characteristics are most associated with exporting and whether this changes depending on the broad market destination, and in terms of the intensity of exporting. It will also enable an assessment of the impact of exporting on business performance, thereby helping to support policy development in this area. Finally, by including analysis of importers, it will provide a more complete understanding of the internationalisation of NI's business population.