MATCHED ANALYSIS IN CASE-CONTROL AND COHORT STUDIES

本研究将探讨邻域的有效性和效率 病例对照和队列研究的匹配。 国家卫生 第一次和第二次调查的数据与下列数据一起使用： 邻域码（即，确定样本中的个体 以凭经验确定邻域匹配的效果 将对各种风险估计的有效性和方差产生影响， 不同的暴露条件。 证明了 对于某些类型的确定性-条件关系，邻域匹配 对于控制混杂是有用的。 然而， 由于可匹配的观测值数量减少， 检验统计量中的自由度数。 这些经验 这些例子可以为研究人员提供一些指导， 用于观察性研究的邻域匹配。 该项目是 第一个已知的尝试调查效果邻域匹配 对观测数据的分析。

This study will investigate the validity and efficiency of neighborhood matching for case-control and cohort studies. The National Health and Examination Surveys I and II data were used in conjunction with neighborhood codes (i.e., specifying which individuals in the sample lived close together) to empirically determine the effect neighborhood matching would have upon validity and variance of estimates of risk of various conditions with respect to differing exposures. It was demonstrated that for some types of exposure-condition relationships, neighborhood matching was useful for controlling for confounding. However, there was a loss in efficiency due to a reduced number of matchable observations and a smaller number of degrees of freedom in the test statistics. These empirical examples can provide some guidance to researchers who contemplate neighborhood matching for an observational study. This project is one of the first known attempts of investigating the effect neighborhood matching has upon the analysis of observational data.