Simultaneous parenteral and pulmonary immunisation against tuberculosis

同时进行肠外和肺部免疫以预防结核病

• 批准号: G1100085/1
• 负责人: Elma Tchilian
• 金额: $ 126.67万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=G1100085%2F1
• 关键词: Simultaneous; parenteral; pulmonary; immunisation; against

Two million individuals die each year from tuberculosis infection, which is an increasing problem because HIV/AIDS makes individuals highly susceptible and because antibiotic resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are appearing. The present tuberculosis vaccine, BCG, is only partially effective, so development of a better vaccine is an urgent health care priority. Up to now, most new tuberculosis vaccines have been designed to be given after BCG, in order to boost the weak immunity provided by BCG. This is called prime boost immunisation. However, it is becoming clear that prime boost immunisation may not be sufficiently effective to control tuberculosis.In this project we will establish an alternative novel immunisation strategy called Simultaneous Immunisation (SIM). We have already shown that giving one tuberculosis vaccine by injection and simultaneously spraying another into the lungs is highly effective in mice. The lung vaccine establishes local immunity, which combats tuberculosis infection immediately after infection, and the injected vaccine has a slower effect, but the two work very effectively together. We now want to test several different SIM regimes in mice to find the most effective one and test its safety. We will also study how different white cells combine to protect the lungs against tuberculosis, in order to make even more effective vaccines in the future. At the same time we will study humans infected with tuberculosis to develop better tests to assess immunity to tuberculosis. This will help in testing new immunisation procedures, including SIM, in man. A better tuberculosis vaccine will have major health benefits for humans and can also be used to control bovine tuberculosis, which is currently widespread in the UK and causes considerable economic losses.

每年有200万人死于结核病感染，这是一个日益严重的问题，因为艾滋病毒/艾滋病使个人高度易感，而且结核分枝杆菌的抗生素耐药性菌株正在出现。目前的结核病疫苗BCG仅部分有效，因此开发更好的疫苗是医疗保健的当务之急。到目前为止，大多数新的结核病疫苗都被设计成在卡介苗之后接种，以增强卡介苗提供的弱免疫力。这被称为初次加强免疫。然而，很明显，初次加强免疫可能不足以有效地控制结核病。在这个项目中，我们将建立一个替代的新的免疫策略，称为同步免疫（SIM）。我们已经证明，通过注射一种结核病疫苗，同时将另一种疫苗喷入肺部，对小鼠非常有效。肺疫苗建立局部免疫，在感染后立即对抗结核病感染，注射疫苗的效果较慢，但两者配合使用非常有效。我们现在想在小鼠身上测试几种不同的SIM方案，以找到最有效的方案并测试其安全性。我们还将研究不同的白色细胞如何结合联合收割机来保护肺部免受结核病的侵害，以便在未来制造更有效的疫苗。与此同时，我们将研究感染结核病的人类，以开发更好的测试方法来评估对结核病的免疫力。这将有助于测试新的免疫程序，包括SIM，在人身上。一个更好的结核病疫苗将对人类的健康有重大的好处，也可以用来控制牛结核病，这是目前在英国普遍存在，并造成相当大的经济损失。