MOLECULAR APPROACHES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AN HIV VACCINE--RHESUS MACAQUES MODEL

在过去的一年里，只把重点放在疫苗上 涉及减毒痘病毒(NYVAC)和禽痘(ALVAC)的方法。 在接种NYVAC疫苗的恒河猴中观察到部分保护作用。 或ALVAC-人类免疫缺陷病毒2型(HIV-2)对抗活的 静脉注射HIV-2挑战。同样，NYVAC或ALVAC HIV-I免疫 动物对HIV-2病毒的挑战有部分交叉保护。在……里面 五年前开始的一项研究，NYVAC/猿猴免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV)-接种疫苗的动物，尽管在病毒挑战时被感染， 显示出比对照动物存活时间更长，其中两只 在感染两年后发展为艾滋病(所有对照均死亡 在感染后两年内)。总而言之，这些研究表明 免疫时间越长越好。七个月前 两项研究已经开始。第一项研究涉及44只恒河猴。 该方案的设计是为了研究白介素2的调节作用 IL-2和IL-12对NYVAC SIV免疫原性的影响 GAG、POL和ENV疫苗。在免疫期结束时(18 几个月)一半的动物将接受静脉挑战 用活的SIV(251)粘膜一半。对黑猩猩的第二项研究 目的是以受控的方式单独评估 ALVAC和NYVAC HIV-1重组疫苗。 NYVAC-和ALVAC-人T细胞白血病的平行研究 兔模型中的嗜淋巴病毒I型包膜疫苗已经提供 关于诱导不孕症免疫的可能性的令人鼓舞的结果 对抗人类逆转录病毒。 已经投入了一些努力来研究人类的作用 利用SIV技术建立辫尾猕猴模型的疱疹病毒6型 致病力低的分离株。

In the last year particular emphasis has been placed only in vaccine approaches involving attenuated poxviruses (NYVAC) and avipox (ALVAC). Partial protection was observed in rhesus macaques vaccinated with NYVAC- or ALVAC-human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) against a live intravenous HIV-2 challenge. Similarly, NYVAC or ALVAC HIV-I-immunized animals were partially cross-protected against an HIV-2 challenge. In a study initiated five years ago, NYVAC/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-vaccinated animals, although infected upon viral challenge, demonstrated longer survival than the control animals, and two of them have progressed to AIDS two years after infection (all controls died within two years from infection). Taken together these studies suggested that the longer the time of immunization, the better. Seven months ago two studies were started. The first study involved 44 rhesus macaques. The protocol was designed to study the modulatory effect of interleukins such as interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-12 on the immunogencity of NYVAC SIV gag, pol, and env vaccine. At the end of the immunization period (18 months) one-half of the animals will be challenged intravenously and one-half mucosally with live SIV(251). The second study in chimpanzees aims to separately evaluate, in a controlled manner, the efficacy of ALVAC and NYVAC HIV-1 recombinant vaccines. A parallel study using NYVAC- and ALVAC-human T-cell leukemia/ lymphotropic virus type I env vaccines in a rabbit model has provided encouraging results on the possibility of inducing sterilizing immunity against a human retrovirus. Some effort has been devoted in investigating the role of human herpesvirus 6 as a pathogen in a pigtail macaque model using an SIV isolate with low pathogenicity.