Feasibility Study: Effectiveness of Public Health System (Programmes/Policies) in Combating Severe Population Health Crisis in Ukraine

可行性研究：乌克兰公共卫生系统（计划/政策）应对严重人口健康危机的有效性

• 批准号: MR/N005473/1
• 负责人: Stephen Peckham
• 金额: $ 12.82万
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FN005473%2F1
• 关键词: Feasibility; Study; Effectiveness; Public; Health

Ukraine is a middle-income country within the WHO European region which has long faced significant population health crisis exacerbated by growing health inequalities within the country (rural/urban, male/female divide). It is one of the five countries in the region with the lowest life expectancy (11 years less than the EU average) and more than 10 years life expectancy gap between males and females. The health care and public health systems in the country remained virtually unchanged since independence in 1992 becoming completely inadequate to deal with the current challenges of growing epidemics of Non-Communicable Diseases and TB/HIV/AIDs epidemic. Supported by the people of Ukraine, current government shows serious intentions to reform the country and use evidence in decision-making. Yet, given the dire state of the population health and political and economic difficulties, they are likely to opt out for a quick introduction of ready-made examples from other countries leaving the fundamental analysis of what does/did and does/did not work in a Ukrainian context for the future. Yet, we believe that evaluating past programmes/policies, as well as setting up the stage for the evaluation of future interventions would be crucial in designing reforms ensuring improvement of population health. Past experience of public health programmes/policies in Ukrainian context should not be wasted and in the full-scale study we would like to evalute such programmes/ policies to inform the development of effective PH system and facilitate its implementation.To do this, we will first undertake a development study. This study will focus on the following things: (i) exploring the evolution of the public health programmes/policies at the national level and mapping their actual implementation across regions and over time, assessing their history, context, design and logic, (ii) assessing the availability and quality of the quantitative and qualitative data, (iii) assessing the potential for additional quantitative and qualitative data collection to enhance the possibilities for the evaluation of future public health programmes/policies, and (iv) reflect on the barriers to use evidence in health-related policy making in Ukraine.This will allow us to select the programmes/polcies deemed evaluable to narrow down the focus of the full-scale study and refine the methodological approaches, provide recommendations as to the routine data collection to improve its quality, and introduce emerging public health community to the evidence based decision making.

乌克兰是世卫组织欧洲区域内的一个中等收入国家，长期以来一直面临严重的人口健康危机，并因国内日益严重的健康不平等(农村/城市、男性/女性差距)而加剧。它是该地区预期寿命最低的五个国家之一(比欧盟平均寿命少11岁)，男女预期寿命差距超过10年。自1992年独立以来，该国的保健和公共卫生系统几乎没有变化，完全不足以应对目前日益严重的非传染性疾病流行和结核病/艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的挑战。在乌克兰人民的支持下，现政府表现出了改革国家和在决策中使用证据的认真意图。然而，鉴于乌克兰人民的健康状况以及政治和经济困难，他们可能会选择退出，快速引进其他国家的现成例子，留下对乌克兰未来做什么/做过什么、做什么/不做什么的基本分析。然而，我们认为，评估过去的方案/政策，以及为评估未来的干预措施搭建舞台，对于设计确保改善人口健康的改革将是至关重要的。乌克兰公共卫生方案/政策的过去经验不应被浪费，在全面研究中，我们希望对这些方案/政策进行评估，以便为有效的公共卫生系统的发展提供信息，并促进其实施。这项研究将侧重于以下事项：(1)探索公共卫生方案/政策在国家一级的演变，绘制其跨区域和随时间的实际执行情况，评估其历史、背景、设计和逻辑；(2)评估定量和定性数据的可获得性和质量；(3)评估额外的定量和定性数据收集的可能性，以增强对未来公共卫生方案/政策进行评价的可能性；以及(Iv)反思在乌克兰卫生相关政策制定中使用证据的障碍，这将使我们能够选择被认为可评估的方案/政策，以缩小全面研究的重点并改进方法方法，就常规数据收集提出建议以提高其质量，并将新兴公共卫生界引入基于证据的决策。