MODELING OF AIRFLOW AND CONTAMINANT DISTRIBUTION

21.描述 这项研究的广泛、长期目标是验证 计算流体力学(CFD)建模技术在 工作场所有害物质暴露的预测和评估 控制或干预替代方案。《公约》的具体目标 项目要回答以下问题：a)CFD代码可以 是为了刺激复杂的工作空间而写的？以及b)这些代码是否可以 适用于三种特定应用(开罐工艺、TB 隔离室、医院候诊室)？CFD建模与仿真 在通风设计和故障排除中可能是非常有用的工具 用于控制工作场所有害物质释放的系统。 然而，在这些方法被广泛接受之前，它们需要 已验证。描述气流和浓度分布的模型 在开罐式工艺内和周围，并描述气流和 研究了大空间内的温度分布。这些 模型主要是二维的，并已在 实验室具有可控的局部排气通风(LEV)罩气流 速率和横向牵伸速度(大小和方向)。结果是 实验室实验和CFD模拟显示了令人印象深刻的 协议。我对工业医院进行了实地考察 通风系统导致在正常情况下收集大量数据 行动。拟议中的研究将开发三维模型 并在受控的实验室实验中进行验证 条件，并进一步将模型应用于现场数据以 确定CFD模拟在“现实生活”中的适用性 情况。该项目将产生适用的CFD模型 复杂的工业和医院空间，并提供有关 用CFD模型描述气流和污染物的有效性 在这些空间中的分布。CFD建模，如果经过验证，应该会得到 在更有效地评估危险条件和评估 干预策略。

21. DESCRIPTION The broad, long-term objective of this research is to validate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling technique for use in predicting workplace exposure to hazardous substances and in evaluation of control or intervention alternatives. The specific aims of the project are to answer the following questions: a) Can CFD codes be written to stimulate complex workspaces? and b) Can these codes be applied to three specific applications (open tank processes, TB isolation rooms, hospital waiting rooms)? CFD modeling and simulation may be very useful tools in design and troubleshooting of ventilation systems used to control release of hazardous substances in workplaces. However, before these methods are widely accepted, they need to be validated. Models to describe air flow and concentration distributions in and around open tank type processes and to describe airflow and temperature distribution in large spaces have been developed. These models are largely two-dimensional and have been validated in the laboratory with controlled local exhaust ventilation (LEV) hood flow rates and crossdraft velocities (magnitude and direction). The results of the laboratory experiments and CFD simulations show impressive agreement. I have conducted field studies of industrial hospital ventilation systems resulting in large data sets collected during normal operations. The proposed research will develop three-dimensional models and validate them with laboratory experiments under controlled conditions and further to apply the models to the field data to determine the applicability of CFD simulations to "real life" situations. This project will result in CFD models that are applicable to complicated industrial and hospital spaces and provide information on the validity of using CFD models to describe airflow and contaminant distribution in these spaces. CFD modeling, if validated, should result in more efficient assessment of hazardous conditions and evaluation of intervention strategies.